| 河套灌区乌拉特灌域春季土壤盐碱化空间分布特征 |
| |
| 引用本文： | 王瑞萍,万核洋,陈帅,夏玉红,白巧燕,彭遵原,尚松浩.河套灌区乌拉特灌域春季土壤盐碱化空间分布特征[J].农业工程学报,2021,37(15):105-113. |
| |
| 作者姓名： | 王瑞萍 万核洋 陈帅 夏玉红 白巧燕 彭遵原 尚松浩 |
| |
| 作者单位： | 1. 巴彦淖尔市水利科学研究所，巴彦淖尔 015000; 2. 清华大学水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室，北京100084;;3. 巴彦淖尔市水利事业服务中心，巴彦淖尔 015000; |
| |
| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（51839006）；清华大学水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室研究课题（2020-KY-01）；清华大学水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室开放基金课题（sklhse-2020-A-03） |
| |
| 摘 要： | 盐碱化状况是干旱区灌区水盐合理调控及水土资源合理利用的基础。为掌握内蒙古河套灌区下游乌拉特灌域春季耕地土壤盐碱化状况的空间分布，通过野外调查采样和实验室检测，对0~20 cm和20~40 cm土层中的全盐量（Total Salt，TS）、pH值、CO32-、HCO3-、Cl-、SO42-、Ca2+、Mg2+、K++Na+含量、交换性Na+含量、阳离子交换量（Cation Exchange Capacity，CEC）、碱化度（Exchangeable Sodium Percentage，ESP）等反映土壤盐碱化特征的指标进行了测定和计算，采用经典统计学、地统计学和多指标综合评价方法对土壤盐碱化指标的空间分布特征进行分析。结果表明：1）0～20 cm土层中的TS含量更大一些，可溶性盐分离子主要以HCO3-、SO42-、Cl-、Na+为主。HCO3-、CEC、交换性Na+和ESP的变异系数在10%～100%之间，属于中等变异，其中交换性Na+和ESP的变异系数接近100%；TS、Cl-、SO42-和Na+的变异系数均大于100%，属于强变异。2）土壤pH、TS和ESP的空间分布规律基本一致，在东西方向上，各指标西部低，东部高；在南北方向上，中间低，南、北两侧高。土壤pH值基本在7.5～8.5之间，从TS空间分布来看，灌域内有32%的土壤存在盐渍化问题，且以轻度盐渍化土为主，约占26%；从ESP分布来看，有97%的土壤存在碱化问题，其中轻度碱化土约占40%，中度碱化土和碱土均约占23%。因此灌域内土壤碱化问题比盐化问题更为突出。3）通过因子分析得出TS、Cl-、Na+、交换性Na+、ESP和CEC是乌拉特灌域土壤盐碱化程度的主要影响因子，公因子综合得分值在-0.78~3.38之间，公因子综合得分能排除指标间个体差异，比较客观地评价土壤盐碱化整体水平。
|
| 关 键 词： | 土壤 盐碱化 空间分布 克里金插值 因子分析 乌拉特灌域 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021/5/18 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2021/7/15 0:00:00 |
Spatial distribution pattern of soil salinization in farmland of Wulate sub-irrigation areas in Hetao Irrigation District in Inner Mongolia in spring |
| |
| Wang Ruiping,Wan Heyang,Chen Shuai,Xia Yuhong,Bai Qiaoyan,Peng Zunyuan,Shang Songhao.Spatial distribution pattern of soil salinization in farmland of Wulate sub-irrigation areas in Hetao Irrigation District in Inner Mongolia in spring[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2021,37(15):105-113. |
| |
| Authors: | Wang Ruiping Wan Heyang Chen Shuai Xia Yuhong Bai Qiaoyan Peng Zunyuan Shang Songhao |
| |
| Institution: | 1. Water Conservancy Research Institute of Bayannur City, Bayannur 015000, China; 2. State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;;3. Bayannur Water Conservancy Enterprise Service Center, Bayannur 015000, China; |
| |
| Abstract: | Soil salinization has posed a great threat to agricultural production and regional development in irrigation districts of arid regions with shallow groundwater tables. Therefore, it is highly demanding to assess the soil salinization-alkalization for rational regulation of soil water and salt regime in high-efficient utilization of water and land resources. In this study, an attempt was made to evaluate the spatial distribution pattern of soil salinization in the farmland of the Wulate sub-irrigation area in the lower reaches of the Hetao irrigation district in spring. An analysis of soil particle size was performed using field sampling combined with laboratory testing. The soil profiles (ground surface to groundwater level) of typical points were determined to measure the salinization indicators at 113 sampling points, including the Total Salt content (TS), pH value, contents of eight major salt ions (CO32-, HCO3-, Cl-, SO42-, Ca2+, Mg2+, and K++Na+), exchangeable Na+ content, Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC), and Exchangeable Sodium Percentages (ESP) in 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil layers. Classical statistics, geostatistics, and multi-index comprehensive evaluation were also applied to obtain the spatial distribution under different indicators of soil salinization. The results showed that the content of TS in 0-20 cm soil layer was higher than that in 20-40 cm. The soluble salt ions in the soil were mainly HCO3-, SO42-, Cl-, and Na+. The spatial variability of pH value was weak with the coefficient of variation (CV) less than 10%, those of TS and contents of CO32-, Cl-, SO42- and K++Na+ were strong with CV greater than 100%, those of HCO3-, CEC, exchangeable Na+ and ESP were medium with 10%
|
| |
| Keywords: | soils salinization spatial distribution kriging factor analysis Wulate sub-irrigation area |
|
| 点击此处可从《农业工程学报》浏览原始摘要信息 |
| 点击此处可从《农业工程学报》下载免费的PDF全文 |
|
