| 近25a盐池北部风沙区土地系统变化及空间集聚格局分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 王曼曼,吴秀芹,吴斌,张宇清,董贵华.近25a盐池北部风沙区土地系统变化及空间集聚格局分析[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(21):256-267. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王曼曼 吴秀芹 吴斌 张宇清 董贵华 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 北京林业大学 水土保持与荒漠化防治教育部重点实验室,北京 100083; 北京林业大学水土保持学院,宁夏盐池毛乌素沙地生态系统国家定位观测研究站,北京 100083
2. 中国环境监测总站,北京,100012 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家"十二五"科技支撑计划课题（2012BAD16B02） |
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| 摘 要： | 为研究近25 a宁夏盐池北部风沙区土地系统及空间集聚格局变化状况,该文基于1989、1995、2000、2007和2012年土地利用数据,通过构建土地利用转移网络和信息熵测度模型综合分析研究区土地系统时空动态变化特征,同时,采用GIS密度制图法表达其空间集聚格局。研究结果显示:近25 a,盐池北部风沙区土地利用结构发生了剧烈变化,耕地、未利用地面积急剧缩减,林地、草地面积显著扩展;草地、林地、耕地、未利用地之间的转移关系是盐池北部风沙区土地利用转移网络的关键关系,决定着风沙区土地利用变化特征;总体上,土地系统变化过程呈由"平衡型"到"弱平衡型",再到"不平衡型"的演变态势;区域土地利用系统正朝相对有序的状态发展;从空间上看,林地和耕地系统附近为土地利用变化热点区域,且不同时段土地利用变化呈现出不同的空间集聚特征,以1995年为界,1989-1995年期间热点区分布呈东北-西南走向,1995-2012年期间热点区逐步由西部向中东部推移,研究区逐渐形成了以草地和林地为主导的土地利用格局。该研究可为盐池北部风沙区土地利用变化机理研究、土地资源可持续开发利用及沙区人居环境优化提供科学依据。
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| 关 键 词： | 土地利用 熵 地理信息系统 土地转移网络 空间集聚格局 盐池北部风沙区 |
| 收稿时间： | 2014/6/23 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2014/10/27 0:00:00 |
Analysis of land system change and its spatial agglomeration pattern in sandy area of northern Yanchi during past 25 years |
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| Wang Manman,Wu Xiuqin,Wu Bin,Zhang Yuqing and Dong Guihua.Analysis of land system change and its spatial agglomeration pattern in sandy area of northern Yanchi during past 25 years[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2014,30(21):256-267. |
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| Authors: | Wang Manman Wu Xiuqin Wu Bin Zhang Yuqing and Dong Guihua |
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| Institution: | 1. Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Desertification Combating, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China2. Yanchi Ecology Research Station, School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;1. Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Desertification Combating, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China2. Yanchi Ecology Research Station, School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;1. Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Desertification Combating, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China2. Yanchi Ecology Research Station, School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;1. Key Laboratory of Soil and Water Conservation and Desertification Combating, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China2. Yanchi Ecology Research Station, School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;3. China National Environmental Monitoring Centre, Beijing 100012, China |
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| Abstract: | Abstract: For discussing the change of land system and spatial agglomeration pattern in sandy area of northern Yanchi during the past 25 years, land use vector data from the interpretation of TM remote sensing images (in the years of 1989, 1995, 2000 and 2007) and ZY-1 O2C satellite image (in the year of 2012) were used as the data sources. The spatial-temporal dynamic change characteristics were comprehensively analyzed by building land use change network model and information entropy model. The former model was used to quantify some elements such as direction, status and trend, which could effectively characterize some significant aspects associated with land change; the latter model was used to describe and express the order degree of the land use system. Furthermore, the spatial agglomeration pattern was expressed by using the GIS density mapping method. Results showed that tremendous changes had taken place in the past 25 years for the land use types in sandy area of northern Yanchi. Cultivated land and unused land showed a drastic reduction, while woodland and grassland expanded significantly, and human activities in the study area were in a positive way to gradually optimize and influence the evolution of landscape pattern Different degrees of mutual transformation appeared between various land use types, among which grassland, woodland, cultivated land and unused land played key roles in the whole network of land use change, and thus determined the characteristics of land use change in the sandy area. The land system change process showed an evolution trend from "balanced" type, "weak balanced" type to "not balanced" type during the past 25 years. Information entropy and equilibrium degree of land use structure was in a fluctuation drop situation, while advantage degree was in a fluctuation upward trend; overall, the land use system of the study area was developing towards a relatively orderly state. From the perspective of spatial analysis, the regions near woodland and cultivated land were hot spots of land use change and the spatial agglomeration features of land use change were different at different periods. Taking the year of 1995 as the demarcation point, the hot zone of land use change was distributed from northeast to southwest direction from 1989 to 1995, however, the hot spot gradually transferred from west to east of the whole region from 1995 to 2012. Through the restoration of vegetation, the ecological environment in the study area had been improved to a large extent, and a land use pattern dominated by grassland and woodland had been formed gradually, effectively reducing the risk of desertification. These conclusions could provide a scientific basis for the research on the mechanism of land use change, sustainable use of land resources, as well as optimization of sandy habitat environment. |
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| Keywords: | land use entropy geographic information system land use change network spatial agglomeration pattern sandy area of northern Yanchi |
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