| 观赏石榴表型遗传多样性分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 火艳,招雪晴,黄厚毅,黄贤斌,许云方,祝遵凌,苑兆和.观赏石榴表型遗传多样性分析[J].浙江农林大学学报,2020,37(5):939-949. |
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| 作者姓名： | 火艳 招雪晴 黄厚毅 黄贤斌 许云方 祝遵凌 苑兆和 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.南京林业大学 风景园林学院 南方现代林业协同创新中心，江苏 南京 2100372.南京林业大学 林学院，江苏 南京 2100373.南京林业大学 艺术设计学院，江苏 南京 210037 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金资助项目(31770752)；江苏省自然科学基金资助项目(BK20180768)；江苏省高校优势学科建设工程项目(PAPD)；江苏省“333工程”项目(BRA2018065)；江苏省科技支撑计划项目(BM2013478)；南京林业大学高层次人才科研启动基金项目(GXL2014070，GXL2018032) |
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| 摘 要： | 目的 探究观赏石榴Punica granatum表型遗传多样性，为中国观赏石榴种质资源的鉴定与评价提供理论依据。 方法 对24个观赏石榴品种的株型、枝型、花色、花的尺寸、花瓣数、瓣化雄蕊数等13个观赏性状进行表型调研与多样性分析，在此基础上进行主成分分析与聚类分析，并利用流式细胞仪对24个品种进行倍性及C值测定。 结果 多样性指数检测发现:观赏石榴数量性状(1.715)大于质量性状(1.148)，质量性状中花瓣色、花萼色、花型、1年生小枝颜色的多样性指数较大。数量性状中瓣化雄蕊数和花瓣数的变异系数分别为117.59%和78.86%，表现出丰富的表型多样性，说明花瓣数增多、雄蕊瓣化是观赏石榴的选育方向。瓣化雄蕊数和花瓣数的多样性指数变化趋势与变异系数变化趋势不一致，说明其变异范围很大，且变异分布不均匀。主成分分析结果表明:前4个主成分特征值均大于1，累计贡献率达80.10%，枝的形态与颜色、花大小、花瓣数及花瓣形成、株型、花色是造成观赏石榴表型差异的主要影响因子。聚类分析表明:供试的24个观赏石榴品种可分为3个组群，其遗传聚类与花型、颜色、株型关系密切。橙色花品种与粉色花品种、白色花品种的亲缘关系较近，与复色花品种的亲缘关系较远。单瓣品种与所有的复瓣品种、大部分重瓣品种的亲缘关系较近，小部分重瓣品种与台阁品种的亲缘关系较近，与主流的花型演化观点一致。流式细胞仪分析表明:24个观赏石榴均为二倍体，说明石榴品种遗传稳定。 结论 观赏石榴表型多样性丰富，测试品种均为二倍体。图1表8参48
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| 关 键 词： | 园艺学 石榴 观赏品种 表型多样性 主成分分析 聚类分析 |
| 收稿时间： | 2019-10-21 |
Phenotypic genetic diversity of ornamental pomegranate cultivars |
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| HUO Yan,ZHAO Xueqing,HUANG Houyi,HUANG Xianbin,XU Yunfang,ZHU Zunling,YUAN Zhaohe.Phenotypic genetic diversity of ornamental pomegranate cultivars[J].Journal of Zhejiang A&F University,2020,37(5):939-949. |
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| Authors: | HUO Yan ZHAO Xueqing HUANG Houyi HUANG Xianbin XU Yunfang ZHU Zunling YUAN Zhaohe |
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| Institution: | 1.Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China2.College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China3.College of Arts & Design, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China |
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| Abstract: | Objective This paper is aimed to explore the phenotypic and diversity of ornamental pomegranate and provide theoretical basis for the identification and evaluation of ornamental pomegranate resources in China. Method With 24 ornamental pomegranate cultivars selected, an investigation was conducted of their 13 ornamental features such as plant form, branch type, flower color, flower size, number of petal and number of petaloid stamens with an analysis of the diversity. Then, based on these indexes, principal component analysis and cluster analysis were carried out, while the ploidy and C-value of 24 cultivars were determined by flow cytometry(FCM). Result (1) The ornamental pomegranate varieties were rich in phenotypic diversity, the morphological diversity index of quantitative trait (1.715) was greater than that of qualitative trait (1.148), and the coefficient of variation of the number of petaloid stamens and petals was 117.59% and 78.86%, respectively, indicating that the increasing number of petals and stamen petalization were the breeding directions of ornamental pomegranate. (2) The variation trend of diversity index of petalized stamen number and petal number was not consistent with that of the variation coefficient, implying that the variation range was large and the variation distribution was uneven. (3) The characteristic values of the first four principal components were greater than 1.00, and the cumulative contribution rate reached 80.10% while the shape and color of branches, flower size, petal number, petal formation, plant form and flower color were the main factors affecting the phenotype differences of ornamental pomegranate. (4) The 24 ornamental pomegranate cultivars could be divided into three groups with their genetic clustering closely related to flower pattern, color and plant type: orange flower cultivars were much more closely related to pink and white flower cultivars than multicolor flower cultivars and single petal cultivars were closely related to all double petal cultivars and most double petal cultivars, while a small number of double petal cultivars were closely related to proliferation flower cultivars, which was consistent with the mainstream view of flower type evolution. (5) All ornamental pomegranate cultivars were diploids, indicating that pomegranate cultivars were genetically stable. Conclusion The phenotypic diversity in ornamental pomegranate was rich, and all the tested cultivars were diploid. Ch, 1 fig. 8 tab. 48 ref.] |
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