| 利用碳法滤泥和木薯渣生产有机肥 |
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| 引用本文： | 王淑培,李凯,周昊,陆海勤,谢彩锋,史昌蓉.利用碳法滤泥和木薯渣生产有机肥[J].广西农业科学,2013(11):1835-1840. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王淑培 李凯 周昊 陆海勤 谢彩锋 史昌蓉 |
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| 作者单位： | [1]广西大学轻工与食品工程学院,南宁530005 [2]武夷学院茶与食品学院,福建武夷山354300 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家科技支撑计划项目（2011BAE16B04）;广西软科学研究计划项目（桂科软11217002-1）;广西科技攻关项目（桂科能10100025） |
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| 摘 要： | 目的]进行碳法滤泥和木薯渣堆肥发酵研究,为滤泥和木薯渣快速资源化利用提供参考依据.方法]以碳法滤泥和木薯渣为原料,设3个处理进行好氧堆肥发酵：木薯渣单独发酵处理（T1,对照）、木薯渣和碳法滤泥干重比1∶1（T2）、木薯渣和碳法滤泥干重比2∶1（T3）,测定堆肥化过程中物料理化性质的变化情况.结果]在堆肥过程中,T1处理由于初始pH较低,发酵过程受到抑制,在30d堆腐结束时,未达到基本无害状态,种子发芽指数（GI）＜50％,不能满足快速资源化处理的要求.堆腐结束时,T2处理和T3处理在55℃高温上维持时间均超过15d,水分含量均高于35％,pH升高呈弱碱性;导电率（EC）降至安全范围;有机质的降解率分别为52.68％和51.75％;总养分（N＋P2O5＋K2O）分别为：3.12％和3.31％;发酵过程中腐植酸含量呈下降趋势;20 d左右达到完全腐熟状态,GI≥80％;满足无害化指标标准要求.结论]木薯渣与碳法滤泥干重比为1∶1或2∶1,经过20 d的堆肥发酵后均达到无害化的腐熟标准,有机质降解率高.堆肥产品质量指标基本符合国家有机肥的标准,可用作土壤底肥或是添加N、P、K等营养元素制成高质量的有机肥.
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| 关 键 词： | 碳法滤泥 木薯渣 混合配比 堆肥 发酵 无害化 有机降解率 |
Organic fertilizer production by using carbonation filter mud and cassava residues |
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| WANG Shu-pei,LI Kai,ZHOU Hao,LU Hai-qin,XIE Cai-feng,SHI Chang-rong.Organic fertilizer production by using carbonation filter mud and cassava residues[J].Guangxi Agricultural Sciences,2013(11):1835-1840. |
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| Authors: | WANG Shu-pei LI Kai ZHOU Hao LU Hai-qin XIE Cai-feng SHI Chang-rong |
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| Institution: | 1.Light Industry and Food Engineering College, Guangxi University,Nanning 530005, China;College of Tea and Food Science,Wuyi University,Wuyishan, Fujian 354300, China;) |
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| Abstract: | Objective]This study focused on the aerobic composting process of carbonation filter mud and cassava residues to provide references for the rapid resource utilization of filter mud and cassava residues.Method]With carbonation filter mud and cassava residues as raw materials,three treatments were designed for composting fermentation,i.e.,separate fermentation of cassava residue （T1）,cassava residue and carbonation filter mud to dry weight ratio 1∶1 for fermentation（T2） and to dry weight ratio 2∶1 for fermentation （T3）.The changes of physico-chemical properties of materials were measured during the composting process.Result] During the composting,the fermentation process of T1 was suppressed due to the lower initial pH,and did not reach the basic harmless state （GI＜50％） in 30 d,which could not satisfy the need of rapid resource utilization.At the end of the composting,for T2 and T3 treatments,the above-55℃-temperature exceeded 15 days.Both of their moisture content was higher than 35％.The pH value increased to weak alkaline.The EC value decreased to a safe range.The degradation rates of organic matter were 52.68％ and 51.75％,and the total nutrients （N＋P2O5＋K2O） content were 3.12％ and 3.31％,respectively.The harmless indicators met the standards of organic fertilizer,and reached the maturity （GI≥80％） about 20 days.The humic acid content of each treatment showed a downward trend during fermentation.Conclusion]The results showed that,carbonation filter mud and cassava residue composting with 1∶1 or 2∶1 ratio of dry weight could reach the standard of harmless decomposed standard in after fermentation of 20 d with high decomposing rate of organic matter.The quality indicators of compost products accorded with national organic fertilizer standard,hence they could be used for soil base fertilizer or top-quality organic fertilizer added with N,P and K. |
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| Keywords: | carbonation filter mud cassava residue mixed ratio compost fermentation harmless degradation of organic |
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