Mating biology,nuclear DNA content and genetic diversity in spider plant (Cleome gynandra) germplasm from various African countries |
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| Authors: | Emmanuel O Omondi Thomas Debener Marcus Linde Mary Abukutsa‐Onyango Fekadu F Dinssa Traud Winkelmann |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Horticultural Production Systems, Woody Plant and Propagation Physiology, Leibniz Universit?t Hannover, Hannover, Germany;2. Institute for Plant Genetics, Molecular Plant Breeding, Leibniz Universit?t Hannover, Hannover, Germany;3. Department of Horticulture, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture & Technology (JKUAT), Juja, Kenya;4. World Vegetable Center, Eastern and Southern Africa, Arusha, Tanzania |
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| Abstract: | Cleome gynandra (L.) Briq. is an African leafy vegetable with a potential to improve food security and micronutrient deficiencies. Cytological traits, breeding biology and genetic diversity of 30 selected entries of C. gynandra from six African countries were investigated. The entries consisted of advanced lines, gene bank accessions and farmers’ cultivars. Our study revealed chromosome numbers of 2n = 34 in root tip metaphase cells from one entry. The 30 entries were found to be diploid with genome sizes ranging from 2.31 to 2.45 pg/2C. Hand pollination experiments were carried out to assess self‐incompatibility within the entries and revealed that they are self‐ and cross‐compatible. For genetic diversity studies within and among the entries, the pooled data of 499 polymorphic bands from 11 amplified fragment length polymorphism primer combinations and nine simple sequence repeat markers were used. The genetic distance among the entries ranged from 0.13 to 0.77. In a principal coordinate analysis, the farmers’ cultivars formed a cluster separate from the advanced lines and the gene bank entries, and the latter were not well resolved. |
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| Keywords: | amplified fragment length polymorphism breeding biology chromosome numbers flow cytometry gene bank accessions simple sequence repeat |
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