Axial and radial pressure exerted by earthworms of different ecological groups |
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| Authors: | M Keudel S Schrader |
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| Institution: | (1) Institute of Zoology, Technical University, Spielmannstrasse 8, D-38092 Braunschweig, Germany e-mail: st.schrader@tu-bs.de, Tel.: +49-531-3913237, Fax: +49-531-3918198, DE |
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| Abstract: | The aim of this study was to measure the pressures exerted by earthworms during burrowing. For this purpose we developed
two methods with which to quantify the axial and radial pressure. The data were recorded with an electronic balance that was
connected to a PC. Artificial earthworm burrows were used to standardize the measurements. Plexiglas tubes with diameters
ranging from 2 to 6.3 mm which corresponded to the diameter of the earthworms were used. A pin was placed inside the tubes,
on which the earthworms exerted a pressure by peristaltic locomotion. Only the maximum values of the pressure measurement
were taken into account for evaluation, and the arithmetic mean was calculated. The measurements were conducted with Aporrectodea longa, Lumbricus terrestris, Aporrectodea caliginosa, Octolasion cyaneum, Allolobophora chlorotica, Aporrectodea rosea, Lumbricus rubellus and Dendrobaena octaedra. The species examined were classified into ecological groups. The mean axial pressures exerted by each group were in the
order: epigeic (14–25 kPa), endogeic (27–39 kPa) and anecic (46–65 kPa). For the mean radial pressure the order was: epigeic
(39–63 kPa), anecic (72–93 kPa) and endogeic (59–195 kPa). It was apparent from the results that radial pressure is the most
important pressure with respect to the burrowing activity of earthworms.
Received: 28 April 1998 |
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| Keywords: | Axial pressure Earthworms Ecological groups Radial pressure Burrowing activity |
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