Reduced inter-row distance improves yield and competition against weeds in a semi-dwarf durum wheat variety |
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| Institution: | 1. Instituto de Agricultura Sostenible (CSIC), Finca Alameda del Obispo, Aptdo 4084, 14080 Córdoba, Spain;2. Instituto Madrileño de Investigación y Desarrollo Rural, Agrario y Alimentario (IMIDRA), Finca ‘El Encín’ A2, Km. 38.2, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid 28800, Spain;1. Crop Protection Department, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria. INIA, Spain;2. Environmental Science Department, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria. INIA, Spain;3. Plant Protection Products Unit, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria. INIA, Spain;1. Kenya Agricultural Research Institute (KARI), P.O. Box 14733-00800, Nairobi, Kenya;2. Department of Horticulture, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture Science and Technology, P.O. Box 62000-00200, Nairobi, Kenya;3. Plant Science and Crop Protection Department, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 29053-00625, Nairobi, Kenya;4. International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Central Africa Hub, P.O. Box 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya;1. Department of Crop Production and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Islamic Republic of Iran;2. Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agricultural Science & Engineering, University of Tehran, Karaj, Islamic Republic of Iran |
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| Abstract: | Weed and nutrient management in cropping systems of semi-arid areas is a major constraint to cereal yield. Where the use of herbicides is banned or discouraged, the competitive ability of a crop is crucial to reduce weed growth and diffusion. Genotypic differences in the competitive abilities of crops are an important trait to reduce weeds, especially for plant height. However, there is contrasting information about the interactions of other management practices and genotypic traits on wheat yield and competitive ability against weeds and weed growth. The present study investigated yield and quality of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) and weed growth and composition for two wheat cultivars with contrasting competitive abilities against weeds. Wheat was grown under three spatial arrangements (5-cm, 15-cm, 25-cm inter-row distance) and three sowing densities, and broadleaf weeds were either removed or not. The sowing rate did not affect the yield of these wheat cultivars or the weed growth. Reduced inter-row distance dramatically reduced weed biomass for both wheat cultivars, and increased wheat yield and nitrogen uptake in the low-competitive, high-yielding, semi-dwarf cv. ‘PR22D89’, when both weed free and with weeds. These results have direct implications for weed and nutrient management in low-input and organic cropping systems. |
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| Keywords: | Nutrient uptake Plant spatial distribution Sowing pattern Sustainable cropping systems Weed management |
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