| 不同坡度坡面径流输沙能力对集中流流量变化的响应 |
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| 引用本文： | 师宏强[],刘 刚,谷 举,周紫荆,李 凯.不同坡度坡面径流输沙能力对集中流流量变化的响应[J].水土保持学报,2018,32(1):25-31. |
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| 作者姓名： | 师宏强[] 刘 刚 谷 举 周紫荆 李 凯 |
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| 作者单位： | 西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室;中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所;四川农业大学; |
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| 摘 要： | 坡面水流的输沙能力是影响土壤侵蚀过程的重要参数之一,加强坡面集中水流输沙能力的研究有助于深入理解集中流发生机理,并为防治集中流侵蚀发生提供科学依据。采用室内集中流放水冲刷试验,以黄土高原典型黄绵土为研究对象,研究了集中流输沙能力与放水流量和坡度以及与单宽流量和坡度之间的关系,同时对集中流水力参数和输沙能力的相应关系进行了研究。结果表明:集中流输沙能力随着坡度和放水流量的增加而增加。多元统计分析建立输沙能力与坡度和放水流量之间的幂函数关系发现坡度指标对输沙能力相对放水流量影响更大,而在坡度和单宽流量作用下,由于集中流在大坡度时汇集作用的影响下,坡度指标影响减小。水流功率是描述集中流输沙能力最好的水动力学参数,其次为单位水流功率和水流剪切力,过水断面单位能描述效果最差。总体来说各水动力学参数均能够较好地拟合描述集中流输沙能力。
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| 关 键 词： | 集中流 输沙能力 放水流量 单宽流量 坡度 水动力学参数 |
Response of Sediment Transport Capacity Under Different Slope to the Change of Concentrate Flow Rate |
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| SHI Hongqiang,LIU Gang,GU Ju,ZHOU Zijing,LI Kai.Response of Sediment Transport Capacity Under Different Slope to the Change of Concentrate Flow Rate[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2018,32(1):25-31. |
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| Authors: | SHI Hongqiang LIU Gang GU Ju ZHOU Zijing LI Kai |
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| Institution: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Erosion and Dryland Agriculture on the Loess Plateaus, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100; 2. Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100; 3.Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan 611130; 4. Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, Sichuan 625000 |
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| Abstract: | As one of the important parameters, sediment transport capacity must be considered when developing physical models of soil erosion. It is necessary to research on the concentrate flow sediment transport capacity for a better understanding of rill erosion mechanism and for control purpose. An indoor concentrate scouring experiment was carried out to investigate the concentrate flow sediment transport capacity under different flow rates and slopes. Loessal soil, a kind of typical soil in the Loess Plateau, was prepared for this research. The relations between sediment transport capacity and inflow rate, slope were analyzed, the regression of sediment transport capacity with inflow rate and slope and with unit discharge per unit width and slope were established, and the relations between runoff hydrodynamic characteristics and sediment transport capacity were also analyzed. The results indicated sediment transport capacity increased with the increasing inflow rate and slope. Multivariate power function regression of sediment transport capacity with inflow rate and slope indicated slope was more influential on sediment transport capacity than that of inflow rate. However, unit discharge per unit width was more influential on sediment transport capacity than that of slope because of the flow convergence under steep slope. In general, all of runoff hydrodynamic characteristics can describe sediment transport capacity well, and the optimal factor in our research was stream power as it had the largest determination coefficient. The results provide valuable information for a better understanding of the sediment transport capacity in concentrate flow on loess hillslope. |
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| Keywords: | concentrate flow sediment transport capacity inflow rate unit discharge per unit width slope hydrodynamics |
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