| 稻作区保护性耕作和小麦种植对土壤养分的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 邵景安,魏朝富,谢德体.稻作区保护性耕作和小麦种植对土壤养分的影响[J].农业工程学报,2007,23(10):62-70. |
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| 作者姓名： | 邵景安 魏朝富 谢德体 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 西南大学资源环境学院,重庆,400716;中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京,100101
2. 西南大学资源环境学院,重庆,400716 |
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| 基金项目： | Programfor New Century Excellent Talents in University(NCET-05-0819) |
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| 摘 要： | 该文采用4个处理：常规犁耕-休闲(DTF)、常规犁耕-小麦(DTW)、保护耕作-休闲(CTF)和保护耕作-小麦(CTW)，分析了10年后稻作区保护性耕作和小麦种植对土壤养分的影响。结果表明：在CTW处理下，土壤全N分别较DTF、DTW和CTF处理高10.03%、26.81%和23.17%。土壤碱解N也呈现相同的趋势；土壤全P，CTW处理下较DTF、DTW和CTF处理分别高12.93%、15.86%和21.36%。在0～10 cm土深，CTW处理下土壤有效P分别是DTF和DTW处理下的4.5和2.1倍；土壤全K在4种处理中与全N和P有类似的趋势；与处理DTF相比，Ca2-P、Ca8-P、Al-P、Fe-P、O-P和Ca10-P在CTW下的含量迅速增加；代换态、易还原结合态、碳酸盐结合态、有机质结合态和无定形态Fe、Mn和Cu在CTW处理下含量降低，而残渣态Fe、Mn和Cu则增加。代换态和易还原锰结合态Zn在CTW处理下的含量增加，而相应地，无定形态和有机质结合态Zn则显著降低。而且，在有效Fe、Cu和Mn降低的同时，有效的Zn增加；稻作区，保护性耕作和小麦种植不仅增加表土层土壤养分的含量，而且可通过影响P、Fe、Mn、Zn和Cu的形态，缓解Fe和Mn对作物的毒害。
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| 关 键 词： | 保护性耕作 小麦种植 土壤养分 稻作区 |
| 文章编号： | 1002-6819（2007）10-0062-09 |
| 收稿时间： | 2007/3/30 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2007-03-30 |
Effects of conservation tillage and wheat cultivation of paddy field on soil nutrients |
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| Shao Jing''an,Wei Chaofu and Xie Deti.Effects of conservation tillage and wheat cultivation of paddy field on soil nutrients[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2007,23(10):62-70. |
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| Authors: | Shao Jing'an Wei Chaofu and Xie Deti |
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| Institution: | (1976-), male, a native of Bozhou of Anhui, Ph D, Specialized in land use and eco-process. Chongqing, College of Resource and Environment, Southwest University, 400716. Email:shaoja@lreis.ac.cn;College of Resource and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China. Email: weicf@swu.edu.cn;College of Resource and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China |
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| Abstract: | Effects of conservation tillage and wheat cultivation on soil nutrients in paddy rice cultivation after ten years were investigated. Four treatments, disk till-fallow(DTF), disk till-wheat(DTW), conservation till-fallow (CTF) and conservation till-wheat (CTW) were used. Results show that soil total N in CTW is 10.03%, 26.81% and 23.17% greater than that in DTF, DTW and CTF, respectively. Soil available N also presents the same trend to that of total N. Soil total P in CTW is 12.93%, 15.86% and 21.36% greater than that in DTF, DTW and CTF, respectively. At 0~10 cm depth, soil available P content in CTW is as 4.5 and 2.1 times as that in DTF and DTW, respectively. Soil total K presents the similar trends to that of total N and P. In contrast to DTF, the contents of Ca2-P, Ca8-P, Al-P, Fe-P, O-P and Ca10-P in CTW are rapidly increased. The decreases in quantity of exchangeable, easily reducible binding, carbonate binding and organic matter-bound and amorphous Fe, Mn and Cu in CTW are observed, while the increases in residual Fe, Mn and Cu. The accumulations of exchangeable Zn and easily reducible Mn-binding Zn are increased in CTW, though the contents of amorphous Zn and organic matter-bound Zn are decreased significantly. Moreover, the availability of Fe, Cu and Mn is reduced, while that of Zn increased. In paddy rice cultivation, conservation tillage and wheat cultivation could not only increase the content of soil nutrients at the topsoil, but also alleviate harm of Fe and Mn on crops by influencing the forms soil P, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu forms. |
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| Keywords: | conservation tillage wheat cultivation soil nutrients paddy field |
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