| 三峡库区紫色土坡耕地土壤侵蚀的137Cs示踪研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 李豪,张信宝,文安邦,史忠林.三峡库区紫色土坡耕地土壤侵蚀的137Cs示踪研究[J].水土保持通报,2009,29(5):1-6. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李豪 张信宝 文安邦 史忠林 |
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| 作者单位： | 李豪,史忠林,LI Hao,SHI Zhong-lin(中国科学院,水利部,成都山地灾害与环境研究所,四川,成都,610041;中国科学院,研究生院,北京,100049);张信宝,ZHANG Xin-bao(中国科学院,水利部,成都山地灾害与环境研究所,四川,成都,610041;中国科学院,地球环境研究所黄土与第四纪地质国家重点实验室,陕西,西安,710075);文安邦,WEN An-bang(中国科学院,水利部,成都山地灾害与环境研究所,四川,成都,610041) |
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| 基金项目： | 水利部公益性行业科研专项经费项目，中国科学院西部行动计划项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 坡耕地是三峡库区的重点水土流失区和河流泥沙的主要来源地.采用~(137)Cs示踪技术对三峡库区紫色土坡耕地的土壤侵蚀速率进行了定量研究.结果表明,新政小流域的~(137)Cs本底值为1 420.9 Bq/m~2;平均坡度为11.4°的缓坡耕地的~(137)Cs面积活度介于398.5～1 649.6 Bq/m~2之间,坡长加权平均值为816.0Bq/m~2;采用改进的简化质量平衡模型计算了坡耕地的土壤侵蚀速率,结果得出该坡地的土壤侵蚀模数介于-3 358.8～4 937.4 t/(km~2·a),其加权平均值为1 294.6 t/(km~2·a).受犁耕作用的影响,坡耕地两个坡段的土壤侵蚀速率随坡长增加大致都呈下降趋势,并在坡段下方出现了堆积.坡耕地土壤侵蚀速率不高的原因,一方面是由于所研究坡耕地属于缓坡,坡度较小,另一方面则是由于当地农民总结出了一套有效防止水土流失的耕作方式,使得土壤侵蚀强度大大降低.
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| 关 键 词： | 三峡库区 土壤侵蚀 坡耕地 ~(137)Cs示踪 |
| 收稿时间： | 2009/1/13 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2009/3/10 0:00:00 |
Erosion Rate of Purple Soil on a Cultivated Slope in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region Using 137Cs Technique |
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| LI Hao,ZHANG Xin-bao,WEN An-bang and SHI Zhong-lin.Erosion Rate of Purple Soil on a Cultivated Slope in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region Using 137Cs Technique[J].Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation,2009,29(5):1-6. |
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| Authors: | LI Hao ZHANG Xin-bao WEN An-bang and SHI Zhong-lin |
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| Abstract: | Cultivated slopes are the major soil loss area and the major river sediment source in the Three Gorges Reservoir region. However, reliable studies of soil erosion and sedimentation in the region are limited and the fundamental research on soil erosion is inefficient. A study was carried out to investigate soil erosion on a cultivated slope in the region using 137Cs technique. Preliminary results showed that the 137 Cs reference inventory of the study catchment was estimated to be 1 420.9 Bq/ m2. The 137 Cs inventories of gentle cultivated slope with a mean degree of 11.4°ranged between 398.5 and 1649.6 Bq/ m2 and the average value of slopelengt weighted was 816.0 Bq/ m2. Soil erosion rate on the cultivated slope was estimated by revised simplified mass balance model. Soil erosion rate on he study slope ranged between - 3358.8 and 4937.4 t/(km2·a) and the average value of slope length weighted was 1 294. 6 t/ (km2·a) . Influenced by the tillage, soil erosion rates in two slope segments decreased downslope and deposition occurred at the bottom of slope. The lower soil erosion rate is because the cultivated slope has a gentle gradient. On the other hand, a series of tillage method are adopted by the local farmers for preventing soil and water loss efficiently, which greatly reduces soil erosion. |
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| Keywords: | Three Gorges Reservoir region soil erosion cultivated slope ~(137)Cs technique |
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