| 多种食用菌粗提液对烟草病原菌的抑制效果 |
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| 引用本文： | 高现亮,罗华元,梅友坤,董石飞,罗艺,饶智,钟永丽,兰建强.多种食用菌粗提液对烟草病原菌的抑制效果[J].中国食用菌,2014(3):34-37. |
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| 作者姓名： | 高现亮 罗华元 梅友坤 董石飞 罗艺 饶智 钟永丽 兰建强 |
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| 作者单位： | [1]云南农业大学植物保护学院,云南昆明650201 [2]红云红河烟草（集团）有限责任公司,云南昆明650231 [3]云南农业大学烟草学院,云南昆明650201 |
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| 基金项目： | 云南中烟资助项目“优质烟叶生产技术体系建设”（201IJC-2）. |
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| 摘 要： | 研究了11种食用菌水提液对异丝腐霉、黑胫病菌和青枯病病菌生长的抑制作用。取红葱、香菇、木耳、块菌、黑牛肝、黄牛肝、美味牛肝菌、大红菇、奶浆菌、青头菌和虎掌菌等粉末分别与蒸馏水混合后搅拌破碎，采用0．45μm微孔滤膜过滤和真空抽滤泵进行抽滤，得到无菌提取液，对异丝腐霉、黑胫病菌和青枯病菌3种烟草病原菌的抑菌活性进行了测试。结果表明，11种食用菌提取液对3种供试菌株的菌丝生长都有一定的抑制活性。对真菌的抑制率与提取液浓度存在一定的线性相关，其中红葱10％提取液对2种真菌菌株抑制率最高，达到100％。大红菇提取液对烟草青枯病菌表现出农用链霉素相当的抑菌效果；奶浆菌提取液对异丝腐霉的毒力最强，红葱和黑牛肝提取液次之，大红菇提取液对异丝腐霉的毒力最弱；黑牛肝提取液对黑胫病菌的毒力最强，块菌和红葱提取液次之，而1．7％美味牛肝菌提取液对黑胫病菌有促进菌丝生长作用；奶浆菌提取液对黑胫病菌的毒力最弱。可见11种供试食用菌中确实存在抗植物病原菌物质，为生物抑制剂的开发提供了依据。
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| 关 键 词： | 食用菌 烟草 病原菌 抑制作用 |
Inhibition Effect of Extracts on Pathogenic Fungi in Tobacco from Edible Mushroom Varies |
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| GAO Xian-liang,LUO Hua.yuan,MEI You-kun,Dong Shi-fei,LUO Yi,RAO Zhi,ZHONG Yong-li,LAN Jian-qiang.Inhibition Effect of Extracts on Pathogenic Fungi in Tobacco from Edible Mushroom Varies[J].Edible Fungi of China,2014(3):34-37. |
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| Authors: | GAO Xian-liang LUO Huayuan MEI You-kun Dong Shi-fei LUO Yi RAO Zhi ZHONG Yong-li LAN Jian-qiang |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming Yunnan 650201 ; 2. Hongyun-Honghe Group Co Kunming Yunnan 650231; 3. College of Tobacco, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming Yunnan 650201) |
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| Abstract: | The inhibition effect of the extracts from eleven species of mushroom, such as E. americana Merr. ex Heyne, Leatinus edodes, Auricularia auricula, Tuber melanosporum, Boletus aereus Fr. ex Bull., Termitomyces eurrhizus （Berk.） Heim, Boletus edulis Bull ex Franch, Russula alutacea Fr., Lactarius volemus, Russula virescens（ Schaeff. ex Zanted）Fr. and Sarcodon imbrica tus, on the growth of Pythium diclinum Tokunaga in lto ＆ Tokunaga, Phytophthora parasitica var. nicotianae and Ralstonia so lanacearum was experimented. The powder of the eleven species of edible mushroom were mixed with distilled water and stirred broken, filtered by 0. 45 m micro porous membrane and vacuum pump filter to obtain sterile extract. The inhibition effect of the extracts on three species of fungi was tested. The results showed that the extracts from the eleven edible mushrooms could inhibit the hyphae growth of the three kinds of pathogenic fungi, and the fungal inhibition effect was the linear correlation with the con centration of extracts. The inhibition effect of the extracts from E. americana Merr. ex Heyne on 2 fungal strains was the highest, reaching to 100%. The extracts from Russula alutacea Fr. had better inhibition effect on Ralstonia solanacearum than others, and 1.7% Boletus edulis Bull ex Franch extract could even promote the hyphae growth of Phytophthora parasitica var. nicotianae. The Lactarius volemus extract had highest toxicity on Pythium diclinum Tokunaga in Ito ＆ Tokunaga, followed by E. americana Merr. ex Heyne extract and Boletus aereus Fr. ex Bull. The Russula alutacea Fr. extract had lowest toxicity. The Boletus aereus Fr. ex Bull extract had highest toxicity on Pythium diclinum Tokunaga in Ito ＆ Tokunaga, followed by E. americana Merr. ex Heyne extract and Tuber melanosporum. The Lactarius volemus extract had lowest toxicity. There were the anti-pathogenic materi als in eleven species of mushroom, which could lay the foundation for the development of bioinhibitor. |
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| Keywords: | Edible mushroom Tobacco Pathogenic fungi Inhibition effect |
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