Rice flowering in response to diurnal temperature amplitude |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Theoretical Production Ecology, Wageningen Agricultural University (TPE-WAU), P.O. Box 430, 6700 AK Wageningen, The Netherlands;2. DLO-Research Institute for Agrobiology and Soil Fertility (AB-DLO), P.O. Box 14, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands;3. Agronomy, Plant Physiology and Agroecology Division, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), P.O. Box 933, 1099 Manila, Philippines;4. Plant Environment Laboratory, Department of Agriculture, The University of Reading, Cutbush Lane, Shinfield, Reading RG2 9AD, UK;1. Department of Urology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York;2. Department of Radiology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York;3. Department of Urology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt;1. School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, LE12 5RD, UK;2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK;1. Bangladesh Agricultural Development Corporation, Pabna, Bangladesh;2. Institute of Agricultural and Food Policy Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia;3. Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor DE, Malaysia;1. Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China;2. MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China |
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| Abstract: | Temperature is an important determinant of crop development rate (DR). Some reports have shown that the response of DR to temperature is nonlinear over a wide range. Others indicate that DR is affected by the amplitude of the diurnal temperature fluctuation. However, the nonlinearity between DR and temperature and the temperature amplitude effect are often confounded, as the amplitude effect can be explained by the nonlinearity. This paper investigates the effect of temperature amplitude per se on development to flowering in rice (Oryza sativa L.), using controlled-environment data for 16 cultivars. The response of DR to diurnally constant temperatures was quantified by a nonlinear model and subsequently used to predict days to flowering under diurnally fluctuating temperatures. The often large discrepancies between predicted and observed days indicated an effect of the diurnal temperature amplitude on DR. This effect was significant at different probability levels in 11 cultivars, but not in the other five P > 0.10). The trend of this effect, where significant, also strongly differed among cultivars: temperature amplitude accelerated flowering in one cultivar but delayed flowering in others. The nonlinearity between DR and temperature and the effect of the temperature amplitude can explain a large part of the often observed variation among environments for thermal unit requirements for flowering. |
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