Origin and properties of β-glucosidase activity of tomato-field soil |
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| Authors: | K Hayano K Tubaki |
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| Institution: | National Institute of Agro-environmental Sciences, Yatabe, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305 Japan;Institute of Biological Sciences, The University of Tsukuba, Sakura, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305 Japan |
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| Abstract: | The distribution of β-glucosidase activity in a tomato-field soil was examined. Of the total activity found, > 50% was in the < 2mm soil fraction, 20% in the organic debris and a significant proportion in roots. In an attempt to determine the origin of β-glucosidase in this soil, the properties of β-glucosidase of various fungal and bacterial isolates from the soil, and of plant materials, were studied.Selective inhibition of bacterial or fungal growth in re-moistened, over-dried, inoculated soil indicated that fungi were a more important source of β-glucosidase in this soil. Monierella, Actinomucor, Coniochaeta and Penicillium were the principal fungi isolated from the soil by the dilution-plate technique, comprising over 60% of the total isolates. Remoistened oven-dried soil, inoculated with Mortierella and Actinomucor spp exhibited higher β-glucosidase activity after incubation than did soil inoculated with other strains.The β-glucosidase activity of extracts from cultured fungal strains had similar pH optima and Q10 values to those of soil extracts. The β-glucosidase of extracts from isolates of bacteria and actinomycetes had similar Q10 values, but higher pH optima, than did that of soil extracts.These results indicate that fungi, mainly some of the mucoraceous fungi, may be the primary source of β-glucosidase in tomato-field soil. |
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