| 水肥一体化滴灌条件下氮素在土壤中的时空分布特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 王旭洋,范兴科.水肥一体化滴灌条件下氮素在土壤中的时空分布特征[J].节水灌溉,2016(6):55-58. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王旭洋 范兴科 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所，陕西 杨凌 712100; 中国科学院大学，北京 100049;2. 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所，陕西 杨凌 712100; 西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所，陕西 杨凌 712100 |
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| 基金项目： | “十二五”国家支撑计划课题(2015BAD22B05)，国家“863”计划项目(2011AA100504)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 水肥一体化灌溉是提高水肥利用效率的主要途径之一。试验采取单点源滴水施肥模拟滴灌条件下水肥一体化灌溉施肥过程,研究滴灌条件下氮素中的NO~-_3-N和NH~+_4-N在土壤湿润体中的时空分布特征。结果表明,在灌水施肥结束后的1周时间内,土壤湿润体中NO~-_3-N和NH~+_4-N在靠近灌水施肥点处的含量较高,由灌水点向外,随着距离的增大,其含量逐渐减小,在土壤湿润体的边缘,即湿润锋处,氮素的含量最低。随着时间的推移,NO~-_3-N和NH~+_4-N的分布变化表现为:NO~-_3-N的含量先增大后减小,在第5d达到最大值,此后含量有所降低。而NH~+_4-N的含量相对较低,其含量始终低于NO~-_3-N的含量,且一直在减小,特别是在第3d以后迅速减小,到第5d时湿润体内NH~+_4-N的含量甚至低于灌水前风干土的含量。
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| 关 键 词： | 水肥一体化 滴灌 硝态氮 铵态氮 |
Space-time Distribution Features of Nitrogen in Soil under Drip Irrigation Condition |
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| Abstract: | In order to reduce the loss of nitrogen in the transport process of water and fertilization and improve its use efficiency,the drip irrigation process is simulated by single point of the original drip fertilization to research the space-time distribution features of nitrogen in the soil.The results show that the content of nitrogen near the fertilization-spot is higher;with the increase of distance, the content of nitrogen decreases gradually and reaches the lowest value at the edge of wetting body,namely the peak wetting-value;on the other hand,the content of NH+4-N is always lower than the content of NO3-N.The distribution features of NH+4-N and NO-3-N along with the time are:the content of NO-3-N increases at first and reaches the maximum in the 5th day,and then decrea-ses;the content of NH+4 -N is relatively low and decreases all the time,especially decreases rapidly in the 3rd day.The content of NH+4 -N in the 5th day is even lower than that before irrigation. |
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| Keywords: | integration of water and fertilizer drip irrigation NO-3 -N NH+4 -N |
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