| 典型草原区河谷带地下水位对水均衡要素变化的响应 |
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| 引用本文： | 贾利民,廖梓龙,龙胤慧,梁文涛,韩振华.典型草原区河谷带地下水位对水均衡要素变化的响应[J].节水灌溉,2016(12). |
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| 作者姓名： | 贾利民 廖梓龙 龙胤慧 梁文涛 韩振华 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 水利部牧区水利科学研究所,呼和浩特,010020;2. 水利部牧区水利科学研究所，呼和浩特010020; 中国水利水电科学研究院水资源所，北京100038 |
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| 基金项目： | 中央水资源分成费(1261430122054)，中国水科院科研专项(MJ201309 |
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| 摘 要： | 近几年锡林河流域开始进入降水偏丰周期,但地下水“入不敷出”的情况愈加明显,过量的地下水开采需求只能通过消耗地下水储蓄量来实现。基于水均衡原理和统计学方法分析锡林河平原区地下水位对降水量和开采量间的响应程度。研究结果表明,各个观测井对降水时序变化的响应差异较大,其中饲草料基地井与农场三队井地下水位变幅对降水较为敏感;水位埋深与开采量之间存在明显的正相关关系,从水位-开采量关系曲线变化趋势来看,随着地下水开采量增加,农场三队、饲草料基地和奶牛场的水位响应最明显;农作物大棚种植区地下水位主要受降水量与开采量共同作用,响应程度为51.16%,而饲草料基地受开采量影响最大,达到60.71%,压减灌溉饲草料地规模、调整集中连片布局为分散式利用是缓解农灌区地下水超采、促进农牧业安全发展的主要途径。
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| 关 键 词： | 典型草原区 地下水位 水均衡 降水变化 开采量 |
Response Process of Groundwater Table to the Water Balance Element in The Village Plain of Typical Grassland |
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| Abstract: | With the coming of wet rainfall period in XiLin River Basin, the unbalance relationship between the input and output of groundwa-ter system exhibits more apparently, and the groundwater storage volume is over-consume due to excessive water demand. In this paper, the water balance theory and statistical method are used to analyze the response process of groundwater table to the rainfall and exploitation. The results reveal that there is a different response in all observation well, and the wells of fodder grass base and the third farm team are much more sensitive than others. Then it is found that the relationship between the groundwater depth and exploitation is remarkable positive. Vie-wing from the change trend of groundwater depth and exploitation, the wells of the third farm, fodder grass base and cattle farm suffered more influence of the increase of exploitation. The groundwater table of crop planting area is affected by the rainfall together with the exploitation, and the response degree is 51.16%. Moreover, the driving factor of groundwater table in irrigation fodder grass base is mainly limited by ex-ploitation, and the response index is up to 60.71%, which is different from that of the farm planting area. Therefore, reducing the irrigation size and converting the utilization pattern from contiguous intensive growing to scattered distribution is the chiefly approach to relief the over mining of the irrigation farm and promote the safety development of agriculture and stock farming. |
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| Keywords: | typical grassland groundwater table water balance rainfall change groundwater exploitation |
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