| UV-B辐射对植物光合器官和光合作用过程的影响* |
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| 引用本文： | 钟楚,王毅,陈宗瑜.UV-B辐射对植物光合器官和光合作用过程的影响*[J].云南农业大学学报,2009,24(6):895-904. |
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| 作者姓名： | 钟楚 王毅 陈宗瑜 |
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| 作者单位： | 1云南农业大学 农学与生物技术学院，云南 昆明 650201；2红塔集团技术中心，云南 玉溪 653100 |
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| 基金项目： | 红塔集团玉溪烟叶生态评价体系，国家烟草专卖局品牌导向的原料体系研究 |
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| 摘 要： | 植物光合作用是植物受UV-B辐射影响的主要一个方面。UV-B辐射诱导的活性氧的产生进一步破坏类囊体膜；叶绿素在UV-B辐射下降解或其合成过程受阻，但不同植物间叶绿素对UV-B辐射的抗性存在一定差异；UV-B辐射下，PSⅡ的两个主要组分D1蛋白和LHCⅡ合成减少，但D1蛋白可通过D1蛋白的周转维持PSⅡ的活性；UV-B辐射诱导主要光合酶RuBP羧化酶活性的降低，且不同植物对UV-B辐射强高度的响应程度不同，而C4植物中烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸-苹果酸酶（NADP-ME）却起到保护植物免受UV-B损伤的作用。在光合作用的主要过程中，UV-B辐射通过影响PSⅡ上各反应活性而降低电子传递速率，对碳同化过程的影响除降低酶活性外，另一个重要方面就是调节气孔的运动。在UV-B辐射对植物光合作用影响的研究中应进一步揭示其作用机理，并注重当前UV-B辐射水平及其与其它环境因子综合作用对植物光合作用的影响研究。
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| 关 键 词： | UV-B辐射 光合器官 光合作用 影响机理 |
| 收稿时间： | 2009-1-7 |
| 修稿时间： | 2009-4-17 |
Effects of Ultraviolet-B Radiation on Plant Photosynthetic Apparatus and Processes of Photosynthesis |
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| ZHONG Chu,WANG Yi,CHEN Zong-yu.Effects of Ultraviolet-B Radiation on Plant Photosynthetic Apparatus and Processes of Photosynthesis[J].Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University,2009,24(6):895-904. |
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| Authors: | ZHONG Chu WANG Yi CHEN Zong-yu |
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| Institution: | 1College of Agronomy and Biotechnology，Yunnan Agricultural University，Kunming 650201，China；2Technological Center of Hongta Group，Yuxi 653100，China |
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| Abstract: | Plant photosynthesis is one of the phases UV-B affects on plant.UV-B induces production of reactive oxygen species（ROS）and then damages thylakoid membrane.Chlorophyll is degraded or the synthetic processes are prevented by UV-B，but the tolerance of chlorophyll to UV-B is different among plants.Synthesizes of D1 protein and LHCⅡ，the two main composes of PSⅡ are decreased，but D1 protein can maintain the action of PSⅡ by D1 protein turnover cycle.UV-B induces reduction of RuBPase activity，and the degrees of the enzyme activity response to UV-B were different among species.However，the enzyme NADP-ME in C4 plant is able to protect plants against UV-B.In the main processes of photosynthesis，UV-B radiation reduces electron transfer rate by affecting the reactive actions in PSⅡ;besides reducing enzymes activities,another important phase UV-B affecting carbon assimilation is regulation of stomatal movement .In further study，more details in the mechanisms of effects of UV-B on photosynthesis should be announced，and more attentions should be paid on the effects of present UV-B level and its synthetic function with other environmental factors on photosynthesis. |
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| Keywords: | ultraviolet B radiation photosynthetic apparatus photosynthesis influence mechanism |
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