| 3种蔬菜及浮植方式对虾池水体的净化效果 |
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| 引用本文： | 戴习林,郭 印,钱辉仁,胡伟国,陈 薇.3种蔬菜及浮植方式对虾池水体的净化效果[J].上海海洋大学学报,2012,21(5):777-783. |
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| 作者姓名： | 戴习林 郭 印 钱辉仁 胡伟国 陈 薇 |
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| 作者单位： | 上海海洋大学 水产与生命学院;上海海洋大学 水产与生命学院;上海蓝海水产发展有限公司;上海市奉贤区水产技术推广站;上海市奉贤区水产技术推广站 |
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| 基金项目： | 上海市科技兴农重点攻关项目［沪农科攻字（2010）第1-6号］；上海市科技兴农科技推广项目［沪农科推字(2008)第5-1号］；上海市科技兴农重点攻关项目［沪农科攻字（2011）第 3-1号］；上海市教育委员会重点学科建设项目(J50701) |
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| 摘 要： | 以对虾养殖池水为培植水,采用3种浮植方式水培水芹、水蕹菜和生菜,通过对蔬菜的生长、氮磷的吸收及对虾池水化学状况的比较,探讨3种蔬菜对虾池水的净化效果以及适合水培蔬菜的浮植方式,以解决养殖期间虾池水体氮磷积累的问题。结果表明,水蕹菜日增重量与吸收氮磷能力显著高于水芹与生菜,且存活率最高。3种蔬菜对虾池水水质均有净化效果,其中水蕹菜效果最为明显,20 d后种植水蕹菜的水体中总氨氮、硝态氮、总氮、总磷以及化学需氧量分别下降55.0%、78.6%、52.6%、44.2%和41.3%,水芹次之。3种浮植方式对水芹和水蕹菜生物量的增加和氮磷的吸收无显著影响,生菜则以浮板种植最佳。研究认为,在3种蔬菜中水蕹菜对虾池水体的适应性强,是较为适宜在对虾池塘中种植的蔬菜,绳结式浮植方式为其在虾池中种植的适宜方式,结合上海地区对虾生产,建议在虾池早期按500 kg/hm2种植水蕹菜,能吸收利用未被利用的50%的输入氮。
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| 关 键 词： | 蔬菜 浮植方式 水质净化 对虾 |
The purification effect of three vegetables and different cultivation on aquaculture water from shrimp pond |
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| DAI Xi-lin,GUO Yin,QIAN Hui-ren,HU Wei-guo and CHEN Wei.The purification effect of three vegetables and different cultivation on aquaculture water from shrimp pond[J].Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2012,21(5):777-783. |
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| Authors: | DAI Xi-lin GUO Yin QIAN Hui-ren HU Wei-guo and CHEN Wei |
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| Institution: | 1.College of Fisheries and Life Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;2.Shanghai Bluesea Fisheries Development Company,Shanghai 201415,China;3.Shanghai Fengxian Fisheries Technology Promotion Station,Shanghai 201400,China) |
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| Abstract: | In order to study the purification effect of three vegetables and cultivation on shrimp aquaculture water and identify a suitable vegetable and cultivation,the experiment was conducted to compare vegetables growth,absorptivity of nitrogen and phosphorus,water chemistry conditions with three vegetables(water fennel,water spinach,lettuce) with three cultivations planted in the shrimp aquaculture water.The results showed: the daily increase biomass per unit and the absorptivity of nitrogen and phosphorus by water spinach was significantly higher than water fennel and lettuce,and the survival rate of water spinach was highest too.All of the three plants had a purifying effect on the shrimp pond water,especially the water spinach.20 days later,the contents of TAN,NO-3-N,TN,TP and CODMn of the water in spinach ponds decreased by 55.0%,78.6%,52.6%,44.2% and 41.3% respectively,secondly the water fennel.There was no significant influence on biomass increases and concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus for water fennel and water spinach under three floating cultivations.However,the growth condition of lettuce with floating board was the best in the lettuce group.The study showed environment adaptability of the water spinach to shrimp aquaculture water was the strongest in the three vegetables,so it was the best suitable for planting in shrimp ponds and the knot planting pattern was the best way to plant water spinach.In accordance with status of shrimp culture in Shanghai,it was suggested that half of the unutilized nitrogen in the culture period could be absorbed by planting the water spinach at 500 kg/hm2 in an early shrimp culture stage. |
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| Keywords: | vegetable floating cultivation water purification shrimp |
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