| Effects of Controlled-Release Fertilizers and Their Application Methods on Germination and Seedling Growth of Dent and Sweet Corns |
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| 作者姓名： | TIANXiao-hong SAIGUSAMasahiko KIKAWANaoto |
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| 作者单位： | [1]LaboratoryofEnvironmentalCropScience,FieldScienceCentre,TohokuUniversity,Kawatabi,Naruko,MiyagiPrefecture,Japan989-6711 [2]LaboratoryofEnvironmentalCropScience,FieldScienceCentre,TohokuUniversity,Kawatabi,Naruko,MiyagiPrefecture,Japan989-6711 |
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| 摘 要： | Effects of controlled-release fertilizers (CRFs) (C-AS, polyolefin coated ammonium sulfate, 50-day-type; Dd-LP, polyolefin coated urea with dicyandiamide, 40-day-type; C-ANP, polyolefin coated ammonium nitrate phosphate, 40-day-type; and C-DAP, polyolefin coated diammonium acid phosphate, 40-day-type), ammonium sulphate and no fertilizer control, and their application methods (spot, band, surface and mixed) on germination and seedling development of sweet corn (Zeamays L.var. saccharata Sturt.) and dent corn (Zea mays L.var. indentata Sturt.) were investigated in a greenhouse. Under co-situs application (band and spot) of CRFs, there were no obvious differences in the germination speed and rate for both dent corn and sweet corn relative to control. Mortality rates of sweet corn seedlings under co-situs application were high in experiment 1, but were very low in experiment 2, because the environmental conditions were different in the two experiments. That is, under lower temperature and weaker sunlight, young seedlings easily die due to high soil nutrient concentration and slow growth speed of corn. Shoot weight of both dent and sweet corn did not greatly decrease in experiment 1. In experiment 2, there were no significant differences in shoot and root weight of both corns between cositus and surface or mixed application methods. However, with spot and band application of ammonium sulfate, shoot and root weight were significantly reduced. Soil EC and pH were considerably affected by co-situs application, especially at the fertilizer application site. For both dent and sweet corn, EC in the 0-3 cm soil was significantly higher under co-situs application and surface application than that under mixed application, whereas in the 3-6 cm soil depth the situation was reversed. Compared with control, mixed application of CRFs decreased soil pH slightly (0-3 cm depth) or greatly (3-6 cm depth).
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| 关 键 词： | 控释肥 甜玉米 臼齿形玉米 生长 种子发芽率 土壤PH值 肥效 |
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