| 模拟鸟巢式运动场的热集聚效应及其对草坪生长的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 孙敬先,王兆龙,朱燕华,李洁,殷朝珍,孙吉雄.模拟鸟巢式运动场的热集聚效应及其对草坪生长的影响[J].草原与草坪,2005(5):22-26. |
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| 作者姓名： | 孙敬先 王兆龙 朱燕华 李洁 殷朝珍 孙吉雄 |
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| 作者单位： | [1]上海交通大学农业与生物学院草业中心,上海201101 [2]扬州大学草坪研究所,江苏扬州225009 [3]甘肃农业大学草业学院,甘肃兰州730070 |
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| 摘 要： | 通过模拟北京奥运国家体育场的鸟巢式框架结构,并对体育场的热集聚效应及其对场内运动草坪生长所造成的影响进行了研究分析。结果表明:鸟巢式体育场有明显的热集聚效应,在外部气温28℃以下时,场内的热集聚效应相对较小,温度增加幅度为4~5℃;但当外部气温高于35℃时,场内的热集聚效应十分明显,场内温度要比外部高出12~15℃,可达到了45~50℃的极端高温。这种热集聚效应所产生的极端高温严重影响了场内草坪的生长,草坪质量在夏季高温第一次来临时(7月4日)即出现明显的下降,比露地对照草坪的质量下降提早了18d,草坪密度的下降则表现得更为强烈,比露地对照要提早24d,草坪的生长量对热胁迫有一个增长式的响应过程,露地对照草坪的热响应时间有30d,而鸟巢式结构所产生的热集聚效应将草坪生长的热响应时间缩短到了6d,之后其生长出现迅速下降,热集聚效应也加速了草坪叶片中叶绿素含量的下降幅度,其叶绿素含量在整个夏天的处理过程中都要显著低于露地对照,直至8月9日草坪完全死亡。而露地对照草坪虽然在夏天有一个极明显的质量下降过程,但随着秋天凉爽气候的到来,草坪能够逐渐恢复。
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| 关 键 词： | 鸟巢式运动场 热集聚效应 高羊茅 生长分析 |
| 文章编号： | 1009-5500（2005）05-0022-05 |
| 收稿时间： | 2005-06-27 |
| 修稿时间： | 2005年6月27日 |
Heat accumulation and its impacts on turfgrass growth in simulated Beijing Olympic Stadium |
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| SUN Jing-xian , WANG Zhao-long, ZHU Yan-hua, LI Ji, YIN Chao-zhen, SUN Ji-xiong.Heat accumulation and its impacts on turfgrass growth in simulated Beijing Olympic Stadium[J].Grassland and Turf,2005(5):22-26. |
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| Authors: | SUN Jing-xian WANG Zhao-long ZHU Yan-hua LI Ji YIN Chao-zhen SUN Ji-xiong |
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| Institution: | SUN Jing-xian , WANG Zhao-long, ZHU Yan-hua, LI Ji, YIN Chao-zhen, SUN Ji-xiong ( 1. Center for Turfgrass Science, School of Agriculture |
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| Abstract: | Nest-type Beijing Olympic Stadium was simulated to study the pattern of heat accumulation and its impacts on the growth of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea).The results showed that there was a significant heat accumulation in the nest-type stadium.When the outside temperature was below 28℃,the heat accumulation in the stadium was relatively minor,with the temperature increase of 4 to 5℃,compared to the control.However,there was a significant heat accumulation when outside temperature reached 35℃ or above,and the temperature increase in the stadium ranged from 12 to 15℃,which resulted the temperature in the stadium as high as 45 to 50℃.The high temperature in the stadium significantly inhibited the turfgrass growth.Turf quality in the nest declined significantly when the summer came on July 4,which was 18 d earlier than the open land control.The decline of shoot density showed even more dramatic,24 d earlier than the control.There was an initial increase response in biomass production to heat stress in tall fescue.Heat accumulation in the nest greatly shorten the period of such response to 6 d,while it continued to 30 d in control.The decline of chlorophyll content in leaves was also greatly enhanced by the heat accumulation and the content was significant lower than the control throughout the whole summer period.Turfgrass in the nest died on August 9,while the turfgrass in control survived with a significant quality decline and gradually recovered after the coming of cool autumn climate. |
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| Keywords: | nest-type stadium heat accumulation tall fescue growth analysis |
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