| 论长江流域生物多样性保护的法律规制——以《长江保护法》为视角 |
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| 引用本文： | 董传举,赵镔.论长江流域生物多样性保护的法律规制——以《长江保护法》为视角[J].水产学报,2023,47(2):029319-029319. |
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| 作者姓名： | 董传举 赵镔 |
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| 作者单位： | 河南师范大学法学院，河南 新乡 453007;河南师范大学三农法律问题研究中心，河南 新乡 453007;河南师范大学法学院，河南 新乡 453007;兰州大学法学院，甘肃 兰州 730000 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金 (31801032)；长江流域重点水域禁捕项目 (20201112) |
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| 摘 要： | 长江流域生物多样性保护在我国生态文明建设战略布局中居于重心地位。但多种因素，尤其是法律规制的长期空位和缺失，导致长江流域生物多样性遭受严重破坏。《长江保护法》作为我国第一部流域专门法，为实现长江流域生态环境高水平保护和社会经济高质量发展提供了法制保障。《长江保护法》在流域生物多样性保护方面注重目标导向，并就搭建全流域统筹协调机制、建立水生生物完整性指数评价体系、构筑生态修复和生态保护补偿制度、开展生物多样性调查与生物资源监测以及深入推进禁渔工作等方面进行了明确规定和系统部署，为我国长江流域生物多样性保护提供了坚实的法律基础。但需指出的是，长江流域生物多样性保护制度构建仍处于探索阶段，生物多样性保护依旧存在配套制度迟滞影响实效、迁地保护作用发挥不突出、多重执法主体造成状态混乱、外来入侵物种防控制度缺位等现实问题。本文针对上述问题，提出加快配套制度和管理体制改革进程、重视迁地与就地双重保护作用、完善长江流域综合执法体系、填补外来入侵物种防控漏洞等完善建议，以期为长江流域生物多样性有效保护和高效管理提供参考。
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| 关 键 词： | 长江保护法 长江流域 生物多样性 法律规制 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022/6/22 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2022/10/27 0:00:00 |
On the legal regulation of biodiversity protection in the Yangtze River basin from the perspective of the Yangtze River Protection Law |
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| DONG Chuanju,ZHAO Bin.On the legal regulation of biodiversity protection in the Yangtze River basin from the perspective of the Yangtze River Protection Law[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2023,47(2):029319-029319. |
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| Authors: | DONG Chuanju ZHAO Bin |
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| Institution: | School of Law, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China;Research Center on Legal Issues Concerning Agriculture, Countryside and Farmers, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China; School of Law, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China;School of Law, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China |
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| Abstract: | The conservation of biodiversity in the Yangtze River basin is at the centre of gravity in the strategic layout of China''s ecological civilisation. However, a number of factors, in particular the long-standing absence of legal protection, have caused serious damage to the biodiversity of the Yangtze River basin. The Yangtze River Protection Law, as the first special river basin law in China, provides legislative safeguards to achieve a high level of ecological protection and high-quality economic and social development in the Yangtze River basin. The Yangtze River Protection Law is goal-oriented in terms of biodiversity conservation in the river basin, and provides clear provisions and systematic arrangements for the establishment of a basin-wide coordination mechanism, the establishment of an aquatic life integrity index evaluation system, the construction of an ecological restoration and ecological protection compensation system, the conduct of biodiversity surveys and biological resources monitoring, and the in-depth promotion of fishing bans, providing a solid legal basis for biodiversity conservation in the Yangtze River basin. However, it should be noted that the construction of a biodiversity protection system in the Yangtze River basin is still in the exploratory stage, and there are practical problems in the protection of biodiversity in the basin, such as a delayed supporting system that affects the effectiveness, the lack of prominent protection functions in relocated areas, confusion in the enforcement status due to multiple enforcement bodies, and blind spots in the prevention of invasive alien species. Focusing on the above problems, this paper put forward targeted suggestions so as to speed up the reform process of the supporting system and management system, emphasise the dual role of relocation and in situ protection, improve the comprehensive law enforcement system in the Yangtze River basin, and fill the loopholes and gaps in the prevention and control of invasive alien species, with a view to providing some reference for the conservation and management of biodiversity in the Yangtze River basin. |
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| Keywords: | Yangtze River Protection Law Yangtze River basin biodiversity legal regulation |
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