| 翻压紫云英水稻土游离氨基酸动态及剖面分异 |
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| 引用本文： | 杨静,鲍清涛,邢世和,周碧青,张黎明,杨文浩.翻压紫云英水稻土游离氨基酸动态及剖面分异[J].农业环境科学学报,2023,42(2):373-383. |
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| 作者姓名： | 杨静 鲍清涛 邢世和 周碧青 张黎明 杨文浩 |
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| 作者单位： | 福建农林大学资源与环境学院, 福州 350002;福建农林大学资源与环境学院, 福州 350002;土壤生态系统健康与调控福建省高校重点实验室, 福州 350002 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金面上项目（41671490）；福建农林大学优秀博士学位论文资助项目（324-1122yb080） |
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| 摘 要： | 为探讨紫云英翻压后稻田土壤游离氨基酸（FAA）含量和组分的动态变化及其主控因素，阐明稻田土壤FAA的剖面迁移特性，本研究在等氮磷钾的条件下，以单施化肥（CK）为对照，研究了不同施用量紫云英（30 000 kg·hm-2，CMV1； 45 000 kg·hm-2，CMV2）翻压后对稻田土壤FAA含量和组成的影响以及其随生育期的波动情况，并阐明FAA在水稻土剖面中的分布特征。结果表明：紫云英翻压后，不同处理稻田土壤FAA含量均呈现出先降低后上升至扬花期达到峰值后再缓慢降低的变化趋势。翻压紫云英可提高土壤FAA含量，CMV1处理和CMV2处理FAA含量均值分别较CK处理显著提高了14.01%和21.75%。不同采样期、不同施肥处理稻田土壤FAA以中性氨基酸含量最高（93.39%~97.52%），酸性氨基酸次之（2.19%~5.86%），碱性氨基酸含量最低（0~1.47%），且均以肌氨酸、甘氨酸、丙氨酸、缬氨酸、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸和苯丙氨酸为主，其合计占FAA总量的65.93%~82.65%。紫云英翻压后FAA具有向下迁移的趋势，主要迁移至20~40 cm土层。中性氨基酸尤其是丝氨酸、甘氨酸和苏氨酸具有较强的迁移性。氨基酸不同组分对土壤性质的响应具有一定差异，中性FAA与土壤pH、有机质、全氮、蛋白酶和细菌拷贝数显著相关，碱性FAA与蛋白酶和细菌拷贝数显著相关，而酸性FAA仅与细菌拷贝数显著相关。研究表明，稻田土壤FAA含量、组成及迁移与紫云英翻压量和水稻生育期密切相关，且对土壤性质的响应有所不同。
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| 关 键 词： | 紫云英 土壤 水稻 游离氨基酸 组分 剖面分布 影响因素 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022/5/3 0:00:00 |
Dynamic and profile variations of free amino acids in paddy soil applied with Chinese milk vetch |
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| YANG Jing,BAO Qingtao,XING Shihe,ZHOU Biqing,ZHANG Liming,YANG Wenhao.Dynamic and profile variations of free amino acids in paddy soil applied with Chinese milk vetch[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science( J. Agro-Environ. Sci.),2023,42(2):373-383. |
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| Authors: | YANG Jing BAO Qingtao XING Shihe ZHOU Biqing ZHANG Liming YANG Wenhao |
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| Institution: | College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Ecosystem Health and Regulation, Fuzhou 350002, China |
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| Abstract: | This study was conducted to investigate the dynamics of free amino acid(FAA) contents and components in paddy soil and their influencing factors, and to clarify the characteristics of FAA profile migration in paddy soil. In this study, a single application of chemical fertilizer(CK) was used as control under equal nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium conditions, and different application rates of Chinese milk vetch30 000 kg · hm-2(CMV1) and 45 000 kg · hm-2(CMV2)] were selected to investigate the dynamic and profile distribution characteristics of FAA content and composition in paddy soil. The FAA content in paddy soil decreased from the background to the seedling stage after CMV application and then increase rapidly to a peak at the blooming stage and then decreased slowly. The FAA contents in CMV1 and CMV2 treatments were significantly increased by 14.01% and 21.75% compared with CK treatment, respectively. The FAA content of neutral amino acids was the highest(93.39%-97.52%), followed by acid(2.19%-5.86%) and alkaline amino acids(0-1.47%) under different fertilization treatments during the sampling period, and the content of sarcosine, glycine, alanine, valine, isoleucine, leucine and phenylalanine was most abundant, accounting for 65.93%-82.65% of the FAA pool. FAA had a downward migration trend, mainly to 20-40 cm, and the mobility of serine, glycine, and threonine was high. The neutral FAA was significantly correlated with pH, organic matter, total nitrogen, protease, and bacterial copy number; alkaline FAA was significantly correlated with protease and bacterial copy number; and acidic FAA was only significantly correlated with bacterial copy number. Conclusively, FAA content, composition and migration in paddy soil were closely related to CMV application rate and rice growth period, and its responses to soil properties varied. |
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| Keywords: | Chinese milk vetch soil rice free amino acid composition profile distribution influencing factor |
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