| 施用畜禽粪肥对土壤呼吸和玉米产量的影响及其增效分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 李永平,田艳,史向远,周静,张晓晨,朱教宁,林琭,赵丽.施用畜禽粪肥对土壤呼吸和玉米产量的影响及其增效分析[J].华北农学报,2017,32(1). |
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| 作者姓名： | 李永平 田艳 史向远 周静 张晓晨 朱教宁 林琭 赵丽 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 山西省农业科学院现代农业研究中心,山西太原,030031;2. 山西省农业科学院作物科学研究所,山西太原,030031 |
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| 基金项目： | 山西省农业科学院博士研究基金项目，山西省科技攻关项目，山西省农业科学院科技自主创新能力提升工程项目，山西省重点研发计划重点项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 为研究增施畜禽粪肥对土壤培肥和玉米增产的效果,试验以不同畜禽粪肥种类为主区,施肥水平为副区的二因素裂区设计,测定了土壤呼吸速率、土壤有机质含量、玉米生物学性状及产量等指标。结果表明,增施不同种类和数量畜禽粪肥,可有效提高土壤呼吸速率、土壤有机质含量、玉米年产量和收益:当鸡粪施用量为30.0 m~3/hm~2时,土壤呼吸速率、土壤有机质含量、玉米产量和年收益均较高,分别达6.0μmol/(m~2·s),6.786 3 g/kg,11 147.1 kg/hm~2和10 719.2元/hm~2;当羊粪施用量为60.0 m~3/hm~2时,土壤呼吸速率、土壤有机质含量、玉米产量和年收益均较高,分别为5.6μmol/(m~2·s),6.785 0 g/kg,11 095.5 kg/hm~2和9 816.0元/hm~2;当猪粪施用量为60.0 m~3/hm~2时,土壤呼吸速率、土壤有机质含量、玉米产量和年收益均较高,分别为5.3μmol/(m~2·s),6.783 3 g/kg,10 692.75 kg/hm~2和9 210.5元/hm~2;当牛粪施肥量为90.0 m~3/hm~2时,土壤呼吸速率、土壤有机质含量、玉米产量和年收益均较高,分别为4.6μmol/(m~2·s),6.780 0 g/kg,10 691.15 kg/hm~2和8 607.3元/hm~2。综上所述,从土壤培肥、玉米增产效果及经济效益来看,各种粪肥肥效由高到低的顺序依次为鸡粪羊粪猪粪牛粪,适宜施肥量分别是鸡粪30.0 m~3/hm~2、羊粪和猪粪为60.0 m~3/hm~2、牛粪90 m~3/hm~2。因此,研究不同畜禽粪肥肥效及适宜施肥量对改善土壤肥力、提高玉米产量和增加农民收入具有重要意义。
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| 关 键 词： | 畜禽粪肥 土壤呼吸速率 玉米产量 |
Effects of Animal Manures on Soil Respiration and Maize Yield and Economic Analysis |
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| LI Yongping,TIAN Yan,SHI Xiangyuan,ZHOU Jing,ZHANG Xiaochen,ZHU Jiaoning,LIN Lu,ZHAO Li.Effects of Animal Manures on Soil Respiration and Maize Yield and Economic Analysis[J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica,2017,32(1). |
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| Authors: | LI Yongping TIAN Yan SHI Xiangyuan ZHOU Jing ZHANG Xiaochen ZHU Jiaoning LIN Lu ZHAO Li |
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| Abstract: | Effects of applying different animal manures on the physicochemical properties,respiration rate and organic matter content of soil,and biological characteristics and yield of maize were studied adopting two factors split plot experiment with manure type as main plot and fertilization level as subplot.The results demonstrated that applying different kinds and amounts of animal manures could enhance soil respiration rate,soil organic matter content,yield of maize and annual income effectively.Soil respiration rates,soil organic matter content,yield of maize and annual profit were higher,and were 6.0 μmol/(m2·s),6.786 3 g/kg,11 147.1 kg/ha and 10 719.2 yuan/ha,respectively,after 30.0 m3/ha of chicken manure application,and 5.6 μmol/(m2·s),6.785 0 g/kg,11 095.5 kg/ha and 9 816.0 yuan/ha,respectively,after 60.0 m3/ha of sheep manure application,and 5.3 μmol/(m2·s),6.783 3 g/kg,10 692.75 kg/ha and 9 210.5 yuan/ha,respectively,after 60.0 m3/ha of pig manure application,and 4.6 μmol/(m2·s) and 6.780 0 g/kg and 10 691.15 kg/ha and 8 607.3 yuan/ha,respectively,after 90.0 m3/ha of cattle manure application.Accordingly,fertility of soil,yield of maize and economic profit increased after different animal manures application with the effects of chicken manure ＞ sheep manure ＞ pig manure ＞ cattle manure,and the appropriate dosage was 30.0,60.0,60.0 and 90.0 m3/ha,respectively.There fore,studying effects of different animal manures and the appropriate application dosage will play an important role in improving fertility of soil,enhancing yield of maize and increasing incomes of peasants. |
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| Keywords: | Animal manures Soil respiration rate Yield of maize |
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