| 有机肥C/N优化及钾肥运筹对烤烟钾含量及香气品质的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 张士荣,王军,张德龙,丁效东.有机肥C/N优化及钾肥运筹对烤烟钾含量及香气品质的影响[J].华北农学报,2017,32(3). |
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| 作者姓名： | 张士荣 王军 张德龙 丁效东 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 青岛农业大学 资源与环境学院,山东 青岛,266109;2. 广东省烟草南雄科学研究所,广东 南雄,512400 |
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| 基金项目： | 广东省烟草专卖局(公司)科技项目，广东省烟草专卖局(公司)科技项目，山东省现代农业产业体系烟草创新团队建设项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 利用大田试验研究了有机肥C/N优化及钾肥运筹对烤烟钾吸收及香气品质的影响。采用裂区试验设计,主处理为利用猪厩肥与腐熟花生饼肥混合配制不同碳氮比(m:m)的有机肥,设3个C水平,C1:饼肥420 kg/hm~2,猪厩肥2 250 kg/hm~2;C2:饼肥300 kg/hm~2,猪厩肥3 750 kg/hm~2;C3:180 kg/hm~2,5 250 kg/hm~2;副处理为3个K(K2O)水平,K_低:120 kg/hm~2;K_中:240 kg/hm~2;K_高:480 kg/hm~2。结果表明:C1、C3水平时,随钾用量增加中部叶生物量增加,K_高处理上部叶生物量高于K_低;C3水平时,供钾量对上、中部叶生物量无显著影响;C2水平时,钾量增加提高烟叶生物量;相同碳水平时,随生育进程烟叶钾含量呈降低趋势,随钾量增加呈增加趋势;相同钾供应下,C1、C2对烟叶钾含量无显著性影响;现蕾期、成熟期时,与C1相比,K_中、K_高处理时C2水平增加烟叶钾含量,而C3水平降低烟叶钾含量。不同部位烟叶钾含量为C2C3C1处理;解钾菌在团棵期-旺长期呈增加趋势,现蕾期-成熟期呈降低趋势;K_中、K_高处理解钾菌高于K_低处理;C2水平时,K_中、K_高处理解钾菌随生育期呈增加趋势,且C2水平时K_中、K_高处理显著高于其他处理时;K_中、K_高时C3与C1处理时无显著差异,显著高于K_低处理;各处理烟叶常规化学成分在C2处理时K_中、K_高处理中部叶总糖含量25.39%~25.27%,还原糖22.75%~25.73%,总氮1.67%~1.72%,氮碱比0.79,糖碱比10.78~11.80,烟碱含量2.11%~2.18%,表明有机肥碳氮比优化下,钾肥用量增加提高了烟叶中总烟碱、蛋白质及总氮量,改善糖碱比及优化氮碱比值,增加烟叶中钾离子含量;所有处理烟叶中性致香物质种类相同(28种),K_低处理其总量低于K_中、K_高处理,且部位间差异显著;上部叶总量低于中部叶;K_中、K_高处理提高烟叶致香物质总量,C2处理上部叶提高幅度最大。由此可见,通过花生饼肥300 kg/hm~2与猪厩肥3 750 kg/hm~2(中碳水平)的碳氮比优化下,施钾量增加对提高烟叶中性致香物质效果最佳,特别对上部叶。
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| 关 键 词： | 有机肥 碳氮比 钾肥运筹 化学成分 香气物质 |
The Effect of K Application on K Content and Aroma Quality of Leaves of Flue-cured Tobacco under the Optimization of C/N with Organic Fertilizer |
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| ZHANG Shirong,WANG Jun,ZHANG Delong,DING Xiaodong.The Effect of K Application on K Content and Aroma Quality of Leaves of Flue-cured Tobacco under the Optimization of C/N with Organic Fertilizer[J].Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica,2017,32(3). |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Shirong WANG Jun ZHANG Delong DING Xiaodong |
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| Abstract: | A field experiment was carried out in tobacco,to study the effect of K application on K content and aroma quality of leaves of flue-cured tobacco under the optimization of C/N with organic fertilizer.The results showed that:In the C3 or C1 level,the biomass of central leaf increased along with the increase of K application;The biomass of upper leaf in high K application was higher than that in low potassium;K application had no significant effect on the biomass of central and upper leaf in C3 level,and increased the biomass of leaf in C2 level;In the same C level,the content of K in leaf had the lower trend along with the growth period,and increased with the increase of K application;Under the same K application,C2 and C1 had no significant effect on K content of leaf;At the budding and mature period,compared with C1,in the medium and high K application,C levels increased K content of leaf,and the lower content of K in C3 level.K content of different parts of leaf was C2>C3>C1 level;The number of K bacteria showed an increasing trend from the rosette stage to vigorous growing period and a decreasing trend from bud period to mature period;The number of K bacteria in medium and high K application was higher than that in low K application;In the C2 level,the number of K bacteria in medium and high K application showed an increasing trend with the growth process,and those was significantly higher than other treatment;There was no significant difference in C3 and C1 between medium and high K application,but it was significantly higher than that in low K application;The chemical components of leaves treated with C2 level was higher between medium and high K application,which the total sugar content of the leaves was 25.39%-25.27%,reducing sugar was 22.75%-25.73%, total nitrogen was 1.67%-1.72%, nitrogen base ratio was of 0.79, sugar nicotine ratio was of 10.78-11.80, nicotine content was of 2.11%-2.18%,which showed that the application of K increased the content of total nitrogen,nicotine and protein,improved the ratio of sugar to nicotine,nitrogen base ratio,and increased the potassium content of tobacco leaf;The neutral aroma substances of 28 species in tobacco leaves was found in all treatments,and the total amount of low K application was lower than that of medium and high K application,and the difference was significant between the position of leaves;The upper leaf was lower than that in the middle leaves in the total amount;and the application of medium and high K increased the total amount of aroma substances,and the maximum amplitude in the upper leaves was found with C2 level.It can be seen,under the optimization of medium carbon(C/N ratio),the increased of K application was the best on the effect of neutral aroma substances in tobacco leaves,especially for the upper leaves. |
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| Keywords: | Organic fertilizer The ratio of C/N K application Chemical compounds Neutral aroma components |
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