| 底栖鱼类对水田土壤微生物的扰动效应 |
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| 引用本文： | 胡勇军,孙刚,房岩,韩国军.底栖鱼类对水田土壤微生物的扰动效应[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(23):12496-12498. |
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| 作者姓名： | 胡勇军 孙刚 房岩 韩国军 |
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| 作者单位： | 长春师范学院生命科学学院,吉林长春,130032 |
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| 基金项目： | 人力资源和社会保障部留学人员科技活动择优资助项目，吉林省人才开发资金项目，吉林省科技发展计划项目，吉林省教育厅科技计划项目，教育部留学回国人员科研启动基金项目，长春师范学院自然科学基金，东北师范大学自然科学青年基金项目 |
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| 摘 要： | 目的]研究底栖鱼类泥鳅对水田土壤微生物（区系、生物量、生理群）的扰动效应。方法]通过田间定位定量试验,采用平板表面涂抹法和稀释法进行分析。结果]试验水田的土壤微生物区系组成中,细菌数量最多,其次是放线菌和真菌。养鱼水田的细菌、放线菌和真菌数量均高于对照水田,分别达到显著（P〈0.05）、极显著差异水平（P〈0.01）。养鱼水田的土壤微生物生物量C和N明显高于对照水田,均达到极显著差异水平（P〈0.01）;养鱼水田的土壤微生物生物量P也高于对照水田,但未达显著差异水平（P〉0.05）。底栖鱼类促进了土壤固氮菌、纤维素分解菌、硝化细菌、硫化细菌和氨化细菌的生长,抑制了反硝化细菌和反硫化细菌的繁殖。结论]底栖鱼类对水田土壤微生物区系、生物量和生理群具有重要影响,改善了土壤微生物的生存条件,提高了土壤肥力和生化活性,有助于增加土壤N、P、S等养分元素的供给能力和养分利用效率。
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| 关 键 词： | 底栖鱼类 土壤微生物 水田 复合生态系统 生物扰动 |
Bioturbation Effects of Benthic Fish on Soil Microorganism of Paddy Field |
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| Institution: | HU Yong-jun et al (School of Life Science,Changchun Teachers University,Changchun,Jilin 130032) |
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| Abstract: | Objective]The research aimed to explore the bioturbation effects of benthic fish Misgurnus anguillicaudatus on soil microorganism (microflora,biomass,and special physiological groups) of paddy field.Method]The experiments were conducted locally and quantitatively in field,using plate count and MPN methods.Result]In the microflora of paddy soil tested,the quantity of bacteria is the largest,followed by actinomycetes and fungus. Compared with the control paddy fields,in rice-fish paddy fields the quantities of bacteria,actinomycetes and fungus are higher,at significance level P<0.05,P<0.01,and P<0.01 respectively. The microbial biomass C and N in rice-fish paddy fields is remarkably higher than those in control paddy fields,both at significance level P<0.01; the microbial biomass P in rice-fish paddy fields is higher than that in control paddy fields,but at significance level P>0.05. Benthic fish promotes the growth of soil azotobacter,cellulolytic bacteria,nitrobacteria,sulfur bacteria,and ammonifying bacteria,restricts the reproduction of nitrate reducing bacteria and sulfate reducing bacteria.Conclusion]The benthic fish has important effects on microflora,microbial biomass,and special microorganism physiological groups of paddy soil,improves the living conditions of soil microorganisms,promotes the soil fertility and bio-chemical activity,which is beneficial for improving the supply ability of soil nutrients such as N,P,S,as well as the efficiency of nutrient utilization. |
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| Keywords: | Benthic fish Soil microorganism Paddy field Integrated ecosystem Bioturbation |
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