Sexual dimorphism,survival and dispersal in red deer |
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| Authors: | Email author" target="_blank">E?A?CatchpoleEmail author Y?Fan B?J?T?Morgan T?H?Clutton-Brock T?Coulson |
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| Institution: | 1.School of Physical, Environmental and Mathematical Sciences,University of New South Wales at the Australian Defence Force Academy,Canberra,Australia;2.School of Mathematics,University of New South Wales,Sydney,Australia;3.Institute of Mathematics and Statistics,University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent,England;4.Department of Zoology,University of Cambridge,Cambridge,England;5.Department of Biological Sciences,Imperial College, Silwood Park, Ascot,Berkshire,England |
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| Abstract: | A detailed and extensive mark-recapture-recovery study of red deer on the island of Rum forms the basis of the modeling of
this article. We analyze male and female deer separately, and report results for both in this article, but use the female
data to demonstrate our modeling approach. We provide a model-selection procedure that allows us to describe the survival
by a combination of age-classes, with common survival within each class, and senility, which is modeled continuously as a
parametric function of age. Dispersal out of the study area is modeled separately. Survival and dispersal probabilities are
examined for the possible influence of both environmental and individual covariates, including a range of alternative measures
of population density. The resulting model is succinct and biologically realistic. We compare and contrast survival rates
of male and female deer of different ages and compare the factors that affect their survival. We demonstrate large differences
in the rate of senescence between males and females even though their senescence begins at the same age. The differences between
the sexes suggest that, in population modeling of sexually size-dimorphic species, it is important to identify sex-specific
survival functions. |
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