| 海岛棉种质资源表型性状的遗传多样性分析及综合评价 |
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| 引用本文： | 杨涛,黄雅婕,李生梅,任丹,崔进鑫,庞博,于爽,高文伟.海岛棉种质资源表型性状的遗传多样性分析及综合评价[J].中国农业科学,2021,54(12):2499-2509. |
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| 作者姓名： | 杨涛 黄雅婕 李生梅 任丹 崔进鑫 庞博 于爽 高文伟 |
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| 作者单位： | 新疆农业大学农学院/棉花教育部工程研究中心,乌鲁木齐 830052 |
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| 基金项目： | 南京农业大学-新疆农业大学联合基金(KYYJ201601);国家自然科学基金(31771885);国家自然科学基金(31660406) |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】研究海岛棉种质表型性状的遗传多样性关系及筛选优异性状的海岛棉种质,为海岛棉优异性状深入研究提供理论基础。【方法】以175份海岛棉12个表型性状进行遗传多样性分析;主成分分析、权重和利用隶属函数产生综合评价值D进行海岛棉种质资源综合评价。【结果】表型性状变异范围在6.40%—28.10%,海岛棉类型较丰富;海岛棉资源遗传多样性指数为1.97—2.05,各性状间遗传多样性指数差异较小,国内外海岛棉资源遗传多样性无显著性差异（P＞0.05）,在国内,新疆与疆外海岛棉资源遗传多样性存在显著差异（P＜0.05）。主成分分析将12个表型性状转换为3个综合因子,贡献率分别为49.34%、18.03%和10.63%,累计贡献率为78.00%,第一主成分荷载较大为株高、始节数、始节高、有效果枝数、铃数、有效铃数、单株籽棉重和单株皮棉重,代表生长及有效产量因子;第二主成分荷载较大为衣分、单铃籽棉重和单铃皮棉重,代表单铃产量因子;第三主成分荷载较大为蕾铃脱落数,代表蕾铃脱落因子;海岛棉资源统计分析发现国内外极端种质差异不大,表现中等的海岛棉资源材料国内较多,在国内,疆外极端种质所占比例较高,新疆与疆外中间型种质差异较小;通过聚类分析将175份海岛棉资源分为4个类群,Ⅰ类群是矮秆、低产的较差种质;Ⅱ类群是高衣分、单株皮棉重较高的潜在增产种质;Ⅲ类群是综合性状较好的优异种质;Ⅳ类群低重心、衣分较高的极端特殊种质,综合评价筛选到综合性状较优的2个品种：XH30和270;利用逐步回归筛选到海岛棉种质评价的5个关键性指标（株高、始节高、果枝数、单铃皮棉重和单株籽棉重）。【结论】参试海岛棉种质资源类型较丰富但遗传多样性较差;株高、果枝数、衣分和单株皮棉重在各基因型中呈正态分布,其余性状呈偏态分布;参试种质分为4个类群;株高、始节高、果枝数、单铃皮棉重和单株籽棉重5个指标可作为海岛棉种质评价的关键性指标。
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| 关 键 词： | 海岛棉 种质资源 表型性状 遗传多样性 综合评价 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-11-12 |
Genetic Diversity and Comprehensive Evaluation of Phenotypic Traits in Sea-Island Cotton Germplasm Resources |
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| YANG Tao,HUANG YaJie,LI ShengMei,REN Dan,CUI JinXin,PANG Bo,YU Shuang,GAO WenWei.Genetic Diversity and Comprehensive Evaluation of Phenotypic Traits in Sea-Island Cotton Germplasm Resources[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2021,54(12):2499-2509. |
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| Authors: | YANG Tao HUANG YaJie LI ShengMei REN Dan CUI JinXin PANG Bo YU Shuang GAO WenWei |
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| Institution: | College of Agriculture, Xinjiang Agricultural University/Engineering Research Centre of Cotton, Ministry of Education, Urumqi 830052 |
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| Abstract: | 【Objective】The study is an attempt to the genetic diversity relationship of phenotypic traits of Sea-island cotton germplasm and screen Sea-island cotton germplasm with excellent traits, which provides a theoretical basis for in depth research on quality traits of Sea-island cotton.【Method】Genetic diversity analysis and comprehensive evaluation were carried out with 12 phenotypic traits of 175 Sea-island cotton. Principal component analysis, weights and the use of membership function to generate comprehensive evaluation value D for comprehensive evaluation of Sea-island cotton germplasm resources.【Result】The results (showed that) Sea-island cotton have rich types and consistent with the range of phenotypic traits was 6.40%-28.10%,which the resource genetic diversity index is 1.97 to 2.05, the diversity analysis significant differences in genetic diversity of Sea-island cotton resources between Xinjiang and outside Xinjiang (P＜0.05); 3 comprehensive factors were converted from principal component analysis 12 traits, which the contribution rates are: 49.34%, 18.03% and 10.63%, with a total contribution rate of 78%; The larger load of the first principal component is the number of envoys, the height of envoys, the number of effective branches, the number of bolls, the number of effective bolls, the weight of seed cotton per plant and the weight of lint per plant, representing growth and effective yield factors; The larger load of the second component is lint, single boll seed cotton weight and single boll lint weight, which represents the single boll yield factor; The third component load is the plant height and the number of boll shedding, representing plant height and boll shedding factor; The statistical analysis of Sea-island cotton resources evident that the difference was not significant in extreme germplasm at domestic , and there are more materials with medium-performing Sea-island cotton resources in China. In China, the proportion of extreme germplasm outside Xinjiang is relatively high, and the difference was not significant between Xinjiang and foreign intermediate germplasm; Cluster analysis 175 Sea-island cotton resources then divided into 4 groups. Group I has discrepancy germplasm with short stalk of gravity, low yield; Group II has high lint percent and extensive yield of lint yield per plant, and has higher potential yielding germplasm; Group III has perferable comprehensive traits and excellent germplasm; group IV is short-stalked, high-lint, and extremely particular germplasm; comprehensive evaluation screens out 2 excellent comprehensive traits varieties XH30 and 270; By stepwise regression screening Sea-island cotton germplasm screening phenotype of five key indicators (plant height first node height, number of fruit branches, lint weight per boll and cotton weight per seed). 【Conclusion】The genetic diversity of the tested Sea-island cotton germplasm resources is relatively high, but the genetic diversity is low. The plant height, fruit branch number and lint yield per plant are normally distributed among the genotypes, those left traits are skewed. The tested germplasm divided into 4 categories; Plant height, height of the first node, fruit branch number, yield of single boll Lint yield, seed cotton yield per plant, the research provides a theoretical reference to selection of excellent germplasm for sea-island cotton germplasm resources that 5 indicators can be used as comprehensive indicators for the evaluation of core germplasm. |
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| Keywords: | Gossypium barbadense germplasm resources phenotypic traits genetic diversity comprehensive evaluation |
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