|
|||||
|
|
Evaluating the necessity for thermal treatment in clay-based metal immobilization techniques as an environmentally acceptable sediment remediation process |
|
| Authors: | Dejan Krcmar Milena Dalmacija Bozo Dalmacija Miljana Prica Jelena Trickovic Elvira Karlovic |
| Institution: | 1. Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 3, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia 2. Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 6, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia 3. Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovica 3, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia |
| Abstract: | PurposeThe objective of this research was to apply the same immobilization (stabilization/solidification) clay-based treatments to sediment contaminated with different metals (Pb, Cd, Ni, Zn, Cu, Cr) with different distributions and availabilities in sediment. We also examined the possibility of using clay as an immobilization agent without the application of thermal treatment, in order to reduce the economic cost of this expensive remediation procedure.Materials and methodsClay from a canal in Vojvodina, Republic of Serbia, was used as the immobilization agent in a stabilization/solidification treatment to remediate metal-contaminated sediment. Semi-dynamic and toxicity characteristic leaching tests were conducted to assess the effectiveness of the nonthermal and thermal immobilization treatments with clay, and the long-term leaching behavior of these metals was determined using the following parameters: cumulative percentage of metals leached; diffusion coefficients; leachability indices; and toxicity characteristic leaching test concentration.Results and discussionBased on these parameters, both clay-based treatments were effective in immobilizing metals in the contaminated sediment. Results suggest that both heating temperature and clay proportion in the sediment–clay mixture impact the degree of metal immobilization.ConclusionsClay-based products are potentially good immobilization materials for metal-contaminated sediments, with the distribution of metals in the original sediment not influencing the efficacy of the treatments. Even without the thermal treatment, the metals were effectively immobilized. The leaching of metals was largely inside the regulatory limits and the treated samples can be regarded as nonhazardous materials. This justifies the choice of not applying the more expensive thermal treatment during remediation, especially when treating sediments containing a mixture of pollutants. |
| Keywords: | |
| 本文献已被 SpringerLink 等数据库收录！ | |