| 都柳江易危鱼类小口白甲鱼种群遗传多样性的AFLP分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 安丹丹,代应贵,韩雪.都柳江易危鱼类小口白甲鱼种群遗传多样性的AFLP分析[J].南方农业学报,2021,52(8):2294-2301. |
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| 作者姓名： | 安丹丹 代应贵 韩雪 |
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| 作者单位： | 贵州大学动物科学学院,贵阳 550025;贵州大学动物科学学院,贵阳 550025;贵州大学特种水产研究所,贵阳 550025 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目（30760189，30960297）；贵州省科学技术基金项目（黔科合J字〔2007〕2062） |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】从分子水平揭示珠江水系都柳江小口白甲鱼种群遗传结构和多样性的特点，探讨其致危原因及机制，为开展小口白甲鱼种群保护提供科学依据。【方法】于贵州境内都柳江三都、兴华和榕江3个采样点共采集30尾小口白甲鱼，筛选8个引物组合对都柳江小口白甲鱼种群全基因组DNA进行AFLP分析，采用PopGene32进行位点总数和多态位点数统计，并计算Shannon’ s信息指数（I）、Nei基因多样性指数（H）、多态信息含量（PIC）、观测等位基因数（Na）、有效等位基因数（Ne）及个体遗传距离（DA）等遗传参数。【结果】采用8个引物组合从都柳江小口白甲鱼种群中共扩增出699条扩增片段，片段长度为69~500 bp，平均每个引物组合扩增获得87.38个位点。在699个扩增位点中，有663个位点为多态位点，多态位点数占总位点数的94.85%。699个扩增位点在30尾都柳江小口白甲鱼个体中的出现频率可划分为10个区间，其中，频率区间30%~89%的扩增位点数差异不明显，而频率区间0~9%和90%~99%的扩增位点数出现峰值。都柳江小口白甲鱼种群的I、H、PIC、Na、Ne平均值分别为0.3490、0.2206、0.6404、1.9464和1.3574，个体间的DA为0.2305~0.4440，平均为0.3304；基于DA构建的都柳江小口白甲鱼种群UPGMA系统进化树显示，30尾都柳江小口白甲鱼聚成两大分支，即个体18单独聚为一个分支，而其余29尾都柳江小口白甲鱼个体聚为另一分支。【结论】都柳江小口白甲鱼种群遗传多样性丰富，但存在有效种群规模变小及有效等位基因丢失的现象，推测其为生态濒危物种，应采取相关措施对都柳江小口白甲鱼种群进行科学保护。
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| 关 键 词： | 小口白甲鱼 群体遗传多样性 AFLP分析 多态位点 都柳江 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-07-28 |
AFLP analysis of genetic diversity in population of vulnerable species Onychostoma lini from Duliu River |
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| AN Dan-dan,DAI Ying-gui,HAN Xue.AFLP analysis of genetic diversity in population of vulnerable species Onychostoma lini from Duliu River[J].Journal of Southern Agriculture,2021,52(8):2294-2301. |
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| Authors: | AN Dan-dan DAI Ying-gui HAN Xue |
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| Institution: | 1 College of Animal Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;2 Special Fisheries Research Institute, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China |
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| Abstract: | 【Objective】 To clarify the genetic structure and diversity of Onychostoma lini population from the Duliu River in the Pearl River system, and explore the endangered mechanism, and provide reference for protection countermeasures of the species.【Method】 The genetic diversity of whole genome DNA in the 30 individuals of O. lini collected in the river in Sandu, Xinghua and Rongjiang of Guizhou was analyzed by the methods of AFLP using 8 selected primer pairs, the parameters for genetic diversity including total number of amplified locus, number of amplified polymorphic locus, Shannon's information index(I), Nei's gene diversity index(H), polymorphism information content(PIC), number of observed allele(Na), number of effective allele(Ne) and genetic distance(DA) were calculated by PopGene32. 【Result】 A total of 699 amplification fragments comprising 69-500 bp respectively were amplified using the 8 primer pairs. On average, 87.38 sites were obtained for each primer combination amplification. Among the 699 amplification sites, 663 were polymorphic loci accounting for 94.85% of the total. The 699 amplified loci were distributed in 10 intervals of occurrence frequency of locus in the 30 individuals of O. lini from the Duliu River. Of them, the number of amplified locus changed slightly in interval of occurrence frequency of 30%-89% but those in intervals of occurrence frequency of 0%-9% and 90%-99% both occurred peak values. The values of I, H, PIC, Na and Ne in the population averaged 0.3490, 0.2206, 0.6404, 1.9464 and 1.3574, respectively. The DA of the 30 individuals ranged from 0.2305 to 0.4440, with an average of 0.3304. The UPGMA phylogenetic tree of the population based on DA showed that, the 30 individuals was clustered into 2 branches based on the genetic distance, 18 individuals was clustered into a branch and the rest 29 into another.【Conclusion】 The population of O. lini from the Duliu River contained high genetic diversity, but the effective population size had become small and some effective alleles had been lost in the population, and therefore O. lini might be an ecologically endangered species. It is necessary to take measures to protect the O. lini population in the Duliu River. |
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