| 水氮耦合对棉花干物质积累及产量的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 尔晨,林涛,王家勇,徐彦军,徐高羽,夏文,汤秋香.水氮耦合对棉花干物质积累及产量的影响[J].新疆农业科学,2021,58(7):1187-1196. |
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| 作者姓名： | 尔晨 林涛 王家勇 徐彦军 徐高羽 夏文 汤秋香 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.新疆农业大学农学院／棉花教育部工程研究中心,乌鲁木齐 830052;2.新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091;3.中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所,北京 100081;4.农业部荒漠绿洲作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830091 |
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| 基金项目： | 农业部西北绿洲农业环境重点实验室开放基金(NYBXBLZ201802, NYBXBLZ201704);自治区“优秀青年科技人才”项目;自治区天山英才工程项目;新疆农业大学作物学重点学科项目(XCDKY2018025) |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】研究水氮耦合对棉花干物质积累及产量影响。【方法】大田试验采用裂区试验设计,设置灌溉量与施肥量2个调控因子,其中灌溉量为主区,施肥量为副区,均设置3个梯度,灌溉量依次为2 250(低灌量)、3 450(中灌量,传统经验灌溉量CK)、4 650 m3/hm2,(高灌溉量)分别以W1、W2和W3表示;施肥量(折合纯氮)依次为0(空白)、300(中等施氮量,传统经验施氮量CK)、600 kg/hm2(高施氮量,200%CK),分别以N1、N2和N3表示。【结果】灌溉量和施肥量对植株生长和产量构成有一定促进作用,提高灌溉量和施肥量均能显著提高株高、叶片数和结铃率。在对干物质积累方面提高灌溉量可显著提高干物质积累总量,而提高施肥量主要促进了干物质更早的向经济器官积累。通过提高灌溉量可增产23.2%~31.4%,通过增施氮肥可显著增产12.5%~17.6%。【结论】水氮耦合对棉花单铃重、籽棉产量和皮棉产量均有显著的调控作用。水氮优化策略能够提高资源利用效率,降低水肥投入,产量稳定。
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| 关 键 词： | 机采棉 水氮耦合 产量 干物质积累 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-05-14 |
Effects of Dry Matter Accumulation and Yield Components under Different Irrigation and Fertilization Treatments |
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| ER Chen,LIN Tao,WANG Jiayong,XU Yanjun,XU Gaoyu,XIA Wen,TANG Qiuxiang.Effects of Dry Matter Accumulation and Yield Components under Different Irrigation and Fertilization Treatments[J].Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences,2021,58(7):1187-1196. |
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| Authors: | ER Chen LIN Tao WANG Jiayong XU Yanjun XU Gaoyu XIA Wen TANG Qiuxiang |
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| Abstract: | 【Objective】 Effects of Dry Matter Accumulation and Yield Components under Different Irrigation and Fertilization Treatments.【Method】 The field test was designed with split zone test, and two regulating factors of irrigation and fertilization were set up. Among them, irrigation was the main area, fertilization is the secondary area, all of which had three gradients: the irrigation amount 2,250 m3/hm2(non-sufficientirrigation amount), 3,450 m3/hm2(medium irrigation amount, traditional experience irrigation amount CK), 4,650 m3/hm2, (saturatedirrigation amount) denoted by W1,W2 and W3, respectively. The deputy area of nitrogen (pure N), 0(N1, no fertilizer), 300(N2, conventional fertilization, CK), 600(N3, excess fertilization, 200% CK).【Result】 Irrigation amount and fertilizer application amount could promote plant growth and yield composition to some extent, and the increase of irrigation amount and fertilizer application amount could significantly increase plant height, leaf number and boll setting rate. In terms of dry matter accumulation, increasing the amount of irrigation could significantly increase the total amount of dry matter accumulation, and increasing the amount of fertilization mainly promoted the earlier accumulation of dry matter into economic organs. The yield increased by 23.2% - 31.4% by increasing irrigation and 12.5% - 17.6% by increasing nitrogen fertilizer.【Conclusion】 It was found that the coupling effect of water and nitrogen had significant effects on the single boll weight, seed cotton yield and lint yield of cotton. That water and nitrogen optimization strategies can improve resource utilization efficiency, reduce water and fertilizer input, and maintain the stability of yield. |
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| Keywords: | machine-picked cotton coupling effects of irrigation and nitrogen levels yield dry matter accumulation |
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