| 新疆杏果实发育成熟进程中乙烯合成规律 |
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| 引用本文： | 徐敏,周伟权,赵世荣,潘俨,樊国全,章世奎,王亚铜,廖康.新疆杏果实发育成熟进程中乙烯合成规律[J].新疆农业科学,2021,58(8):1501-1510. |
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| 作者姓名： | 徐敏 周伟权 赵世荣 潘俨 樊国全 章世奎 王亚铜 廖康 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.新疆农业大学特色果树研究中心/林学与园艺学院,乌鲁木齐 830052;2.新疆农业科学研究院农产品贮藏加工所,乌鲁木齐 830052;3.新疆农业科学研究院轮台果树资源圃,新疆轮台 841600 |
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| 基金项目： | 新疆维吾尔自治区高校科研计划项目(XJEDU2020Y016);新疆维吾尔自治区园艺学重点学科基金 |
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| 摘 要： | 【目的】研究新疆杏果实发育进程中乙烯合成规律,为乙烯调控杏果实成熟机理提供理论依据。【方法】以轮台白杏、库车白杏和库买提3个品种杏果实为材料,检测分析杏果实发育期间的乙烯释放量、呼吸速率、乙烯合成前体物质含量、乙烯合成中相关酶活性、果实硬度及果实可溶性固形物含量等指标,分析比较新疆杏果实乙烯合成的变化规律及对果实成熟指标的影响。【结果】3个品种杏果实在花后42~56 d乙烯代谢系统Ⅰ产生少量乙烯,花后63~77 d果实乙烯代谢系统Ⅱ在少量乙烯自我催化作用下产生大量乙烯;轮台白杏成熟期的乙烯释放量显著高于其他2个品种(P<0.05)且少量乙烯产生时间早于其他2个品种。杏果实发育期间的呼吸速率呈双峰曲线,果实硬度随着乙烯释放量的增加显著下降,其中轮台白杏硬度较其他2个品种下降更显著,可溶性固形物含量显著增加。3个品种杏果实乙烯合成前体物质整体呈增加趋势。相关酶活性的变化花后49 d后均呈现逐渐增加的趋势;酶活性和前体物质含量在不同杏品种间存在显著差异(P<0.05)。乙烯和酶活性及前体代谢物质含量间呈显著和及显著相关。【结论】新疆杏果实在整个生长发育期中乙烯合成规律和乙烯合成前体物质含量均分为2个阶段。杏果实在发育中乙烯合成中相关酶活性的逐渐增大与乙烯释放量的不断增加相一致。乙烯的合成使硬度显著下降、可溶性固形物含量增加并出现呼吸跃变以调控果实的成熟。
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| 关 键 词： | 杏果实 乙烯合成 呼吸速率 成熟 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-06-28 |
The Regularity of Ethylene Synthesis in Fruit Development and Ripening of Xinjiang Apricots |
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| XU Min,ZHOU Weiquan,ZHAO Shirong,PAN Yan,FAN Guoquan,ZHANG Shikui,WANG Yatong,LIAO Kang.The Regularity of Ethylene Synthesis in Fruit Development and Ripening of Xinjiang Apricots[J].Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences,2021,58(8):1501-1510. |
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| Authors: | XU Min ZHOU Weiquan ZHAO Shirong PAN Yan FAN Guoquan ZHANG Shikui WANG Yatong LIAO Kang |
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| Institution: | 1. Research Center of Featured Fruit Trees, College of Forestry＆Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China; 2. Research Institute of Farm Products Storage and Processing,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China; 3. Luntai Fruit Tree Germplasm Resource Nursery, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Luntai Xinjiang 841600, China |
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| Abstract: | 【Objective】 To explore the regularity of ethylene synthesis in the development of Xinjiang apricots in the hope of providing theoretical basis for the regulation of ethylene on the ripening mechanism of apricot fruits. 【Methods】 In this study, 3 cultivar apricots: Luntaibaixing, Kuchebaixing and Kumaiti were taken as research materials to test some indicators, such as ethylene release, respiration rate, ethylene synthetic precursor substance content, enzyme activity associated with ethylene synthesis, fruit hardness and fruit soluble solids content. And also, the variation of ethylene synthesis and its influence on fruit ripening index in Xinjiang were analyzed and compared. 【Results】 After flowering 42-56 d, the 3 cultivar apricots produced a little ethylene in system Ⅰ, and on the self-catalysis basis, after flowering 63 and 77 d, the 3 cultivar apricots produced a large number of ethylene in system Ⅱ. In the mature stage the ethylene release of 'Luntaibaixing' was significantly higher than that of the other two cultivars (P<0.05), and the time of a little of ethylene produced was earlier than the other two cultivars. During the stage of fruit development and ripening, the respiration rate showed a bimodal curve, and the fruit hardness decreased significantly with the increase of ethylene, among which the hardness of Luntaibaixing' decreased more significantly than that of the other two cultivars, and the soluble solid content increased significantly. The fruit soluble solids content of 3 cultivar apricots fruits showed an increasing trend. The changes of related enzyme activities showed a trend of gradual increase after flowering 49 days. There were significant differences in enzyme activity and precursor content among different apricot cultivars (P<0.05). The correlation analysis of the three cultivars of apricot showed that there was significant correlation between ethylene and enzyme activity and the content of precursor metabolites. 【Conclusion】 The regularity of ethylene synthesis and the contents of precursor substances in the whole development and ripening stage of Xinjiang apricot are divided into two stages. The increasing activity of related enzymes in the development of apricot fruits coincided with the increasing ethylene release. The synthesis of ethylene decreased the hardness, increased the soluble solid content and respiratory jump occurred to regulate fruit ripening. |
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| Keywords: | apricot fruit ethylene synthesis respiratory rate development and ripening |
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