Isolation of endophytic Frankia from root nodules of Casuarina equisetifolia and infectivity of the isolate to host plants |
| |
| Authors: | Chiharu Tani Katsumi Takenouchi Mikiko Abe Toshiki Uchiumi Akihiro Suzuki |
| |
| Institution: | 1. Faculty of Agriculture , Okayama University , Okayama, 700-8530, Japan;2. Faculty of Science , Kagoshima University , Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan |
| |
| Abstract: | Abstract A method which uses the pressure head to predict unsaturated hydraulic conductivity is presented to calculate the soil water flux in a field. Hydraulic conductivities in the primary drying and wetting processes were measured with core samples in the laboratory and the hysteresis between the hydraulic conductivity and pressure head was taken into account. Hydraulic gradients were measured every hour with tensiometers installed in the field. This method was applied to analyze the water movement at 94-cm depth in Hydric Hapludands. Downward or upward flow of water by summing soil water fluxes was examined using the water balance method. Amounts of downward flow determined by our method after heavy rain in a wet soil were slightly larger in the soybean plot but smaller in the bare plot than those obtained by the water balance method due to non-uniform infiltration. Water balance equation which used values of upward flow across a 94-cm depth estimated reasonably well the evapotranspiration from the soybean plot and the evaporation from the bare plot during a dry period. Effect of initial soil water conditions on downward flux by rainfall was well monitored by our method. |
| |
| Keywords: | Casuarina equisetifolia Frankia isolation infectivity nodule structure |
|
|
