Existence of different physiological forms within genetically diverse strains of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Ampelomyces quisqualis</Emphasis> |
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| Authors: | Dario Angeli Monika Maurhofer Cesare Gessler Ilaria Pertot |
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| Institution: | (1) Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), S. Michele all’Adige, 38010, TN, Italy;(2) Institute of Integrative Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), 8092 Zurich, CH, Switzerland; |
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| Abstract: | Powdery mildew fungi are parasitized by strains of the genetically distinct Ampelomyces quisqualis. To investigate whether differences in the phylogeny and other cultural, morphological and physiological characteristics
of these different strains are related to differences in their geographic origins or the host species from which they were
isolated, several A. quisqualis strains isolated from different species of Erysiphaceae collected in different countries and possessing different ITS rDNA
sequences were selected and characterized. The results revealed some significant variation among the selected strains, which
provides evidence for the existence of different physiological forms within the A. quisqualis species. Two groups that display differential growth on artificial media were identified. These groups also differ in the
morphology of their mycelium, but not in the morphology of their pycnidia and conidia. Temperature greatly affected the in vitro growth of the A. quisqualis strains and growth rate was closely correlated to colony color. Differences in the conidial germination of distinct strains
were observed during the recognition phase of the parasitic relationship. The germination of each of the investigated strains
was greatly stimulated by all of the examined powdery mildew species and not only by the conidia of their original hosts.
An Italian strain isolated from grapevine in the Trentino Alto-Adige region was identified as the strain that germinates the
most quickly in the presence of powdery mildew conidia. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these A. quisqualis strains can be classified into five different genetic groups, which generally correlate with the fungal host of origin and
morphological and growth characteristics. |
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