Chemopreventive Effects of Free and Bound Phenolics Associated to Steep Waters (Nejayote) Obtained After Nixtamalization of Different Maize Types |
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| Authors: | Carlos?Rojas-García Silverio?García-Lara Sergio?O?Serna-Saldivar Email author" target="_blank">Janet?A?Gutiérrez-UribeEmail author |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, TEC de Monterrey, ITESM-Campus Monterrey, Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, N.L., C.P. 64849, Mexico; |
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| Abstract: | Free and bound phenolics extracts from nejayote solids were obtained after optimally lime-cooking blue, normal white, red,
normal yellow, high-carotenoid and quality protein maize types. The extraction yield ranged from 4.47 to 10.05%. Bound phenolics
extracts had higher content of total phenolics, antioxidant activity and ferulic acid compared to the free phenolics extracts.
In general, free phenolics extracts were less cytotoxic than the bound phenolics counterparts. Bound phenolics extracts had
higher induction of quinone reductase (QR) and particularly the normal yellow nejayote exerted the highest chemopreventive
index tested in Hepa1c1c7 cells. When tested for monofunctional phase 2 induction capacity in BPrc1 cells, the bound phenolics
extracts of blue, normal white and quality protein nejayotes were better inducers than the normal yellow counterpart. Particularly,
the free phenolics extract of the white maize nejayote induced BPrc1 cells QR and exerted a higher chemopreventive index compared
to the bound phenolics extract. Therefore, the nejayote of the normal white maize was the best source of monofunctional phase
2 enzyme inducers. |
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