| 烟草连作障碍及其防治技术研究进展 |
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| 引用本文： | 何振宇,戴良英,陈 武.烟草连作障碍及其防治技术研究进展[J].农学学报,2015,5(10):64-69. |
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| 作者姓名： | 何振宇 戴良英 陈 武 |
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| 作者单位： | 湖南农业大学,湖南农业大学,湖南农业大学 |
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| 基金项目： | 湖南省烟草公司湘西自治州分公司科技项目“湘西烟区土传烤烟病害绿色植保关键技术研究与示范”(XX14-16Aa05)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 烟草连作障碍表现为烟草在重茬种植后会出现生长迟缓、植株矮小、产量品质降低、土传病虫害加重的现象。简述了烟草连作障碍的2 种类型及特点，即通常分为特异性连作障碍和非特异性连作障碍，具有专一性和持久性2 个特点。论述了烟草连作障碍的主要原因为生物因素，即根际微生态环境的失衡而造成：包括长期连作后土壤中有益细菌数量种类下降、有害真菌和线虫等数量增加、同种植物自毒物质累积、单一营养元素大量消耗等。总结了目前常采用的烟草连作障碍连作防治手段，包括土壤消毒、抗性育种和生物防治，其中生物防治具有特异性强、环境友好、持久恢复的特点，现在成为该领域的研究热点。认为加强对烟草连作机理的研究，以减轻和避免连作造成的损失，对当前中国乃至全球烟草业发展有着重要经济和社会意义。全面梳理了国内外相关领域的研究进展及前沿动态，结合发展前景展望了该领域今后的研究重点，以期为烟草连作障碍的综合防治研究提供参考。
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| 关 键 词： | 绿豆 绿豆 产量 农艺性状 灰色关联度分析 |
| 收稿时间： | 2015/4/13 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2015/7/5 0:00:00 |
Research Progress of Tobacco Continuous Cropping Obstacles and Prevention Technology |
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| Abstract: | Tobacco continuous cropping obstacle was the phenomenon that tobacco plants showed plant growth retardation, stunting, yield and quality reduction, and soil borne diseases damage aggravation under the continuous cropping. The tobacco continuous cropping obstacle was generally divided into two types: the specific continuous cropping obstacle and the non- specific continuous cropping obstacle, both with two characteristics as specificity and durability. It was generally accepted that the continuous cropping obstacle of tobacco was mainly caused by biological factors, namely the rhizosphere micro- ecological environment imbalances, which occurred due to many reasons, including the beneficial bacteria species and amounts decrease in continuous cropping soil; harmful fungi and nematodes increase during the long-term continuous cropping; the accumulation of self- toxic substances from the same plant in long period planting; a large number of consumption of single nutrient from the continuous cropping of same plant, and so on. Commonly, the method used to prevent and cure continuous cropping obstacle included soil disinfection, resistance
breeding and biological control. The biological control had strong specificity and durable recovery, and was environmentally friendly, which had become the research hotspot in the field. To strengthen the research on the mechanism of continuous cropping obstacle of tobacco in order to reduce and avoid the loss caused by continuous cropping had important economic and social significances for the development of Chinese and even the global tobacco industry. On the basis of comprehensive understanding of the research progress in the related fields both at home and abroad, the authors proposed the research focus combining with the industry development in the future, and hoped to provide theoretical basis and references for the prevention of tobacco continuous cropping obstacle. |
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| Keywords: | tobacco continuous cropping obstacles type and characteristics mechanism prevention |
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