Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Arabian Horse Populations Using Microsatellite Markers |
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| Institution: | 1. Veterinary Genetic Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Reproduction, Institut Agronomique et Vétérinaire Hassan II, Rabat, Morocco;2. Department of Animal Production and Biotechnology, Institut Agronomique et Vétérinaire Hassan II, Rabat, Morocco;3. American Foundouk, Fez, Morocco;4. Biodiversity, Ecology and Genome Laboratory, Department of Biology, Mohammed V University, Faculty of Science, Rabat, Morocco;5. Laboratoire Peirene, EA7500, University of Limoges, Limoges, France;1. Department of Animal Production, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid, Avda. Puerta del Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain;2. Department of Agro-Forestal Sciences, ETSIA, University of Sevilla, Ctra. Utrera km 1, 41013 Sevilla, Spain;1. Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran;2. Department of Animal Science, Moghan College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran;1. Department of Biology, Aboubakr Belkaid Tlemcen University, Tlemcen 13000, Algeria;2. Molecular and Cellular Laboratory (USTOM), University of Sciences and Technology, Mohamed Boudiaf, Oran 31000, Algeria;3. Livestock and Wildlife Laboratory, Arid Lands Institute Medenine, 4119 Medenine, Tunisie;4. Laboratory of Genetics, Immunology and Human Pathology, Faculty of Sciences, Tunis-El Manar University, Tunis 2092, Tunisie;5. Institut Agronomique et Vétérinaire Hassan II, Rabat 10101, Morocco;1. Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 21 Praha 6-Suchdol, Czech Republic;2. Institute of Animal Science, Pratelstvi 815, 10401 Praha-Uhrineves, Czech Republic;1. Department of Animal Reproduction, University of Agriculture, al. Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059 Kraków, Poland;2. Department of Horse Breeding, University of Agriculture, al. Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059 Kraków, Poland;3. Department of Animal Genomics and Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Krakowska 1, 32-083 Balice, Poland;1. Equine Genetics & Genomics Group, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia;2. Agrosup Dijon, Institut national supérieur des sciences agronomiques et de l’alimentation et de l’environnement, Dijon Cedex, France;3. Department of Animal Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Balice, Poland;4. Department of Animal Reproduction, Anatomy and Genomics, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Kraków, Poland;5. University of Agriculture in Krakow, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, Kraków, Poland |
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| Abstract: | Understanding the genetic diversity and the relationships among the show Arabian horse populations is a current issue for breeders and professionals. This study aimed to define the relationship among the Desert breed, the Straight Egyptian, and the Polish Arabian populations by considering the historical background of their origin and to verify their genetic diversity. All selected samples were related to Arabian show activities. One hundred forty four hair samples were collected from horses at stud farms having notoriety in the breeding of Arabians from different geographic regions. A set of 17 microsatellites markers for parentage control were used for genotyping. Genetic diversity among and between these populations were evaluated using several statistical methods. All the microsatellites were informative and the marker set analyzed provided 145 alleles. The average number of alleles per locus was 6.52, 6.35, and 7 for the Desert breed, Straight Egyptian, and Polish Arabian, respectively. The high genetic diversity observed within the three populations (0.63-0.71) was associated with a high number of effective alleles. Desert breed and Polish Arabian populations appeared the closest, whereas the Egyptian population was more distant. The significant positive inbreeding coefficient FIS found in Desert breed, Straight Egyptian, and Polish Arabian horses (0.09, 0.14, and 0.11, respectively) confirmed the deficit of heterozygosity observed in these populations. These results suggested that the three populations have high levels of gene flow or share the same origin and have a recent divergence. This study may highlight the risk of the loss of gene diversity in these populations and help to implement appropriate breeding programs to preserve genetic diversity. |
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| Keywords: | Arabian horses Genetic diversity Desert breed Straight Egyptian Polish Arabian |
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