Diversity among germplasm lines of the Ethiopian cereal tef [ Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter] |
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| Authors: | Kebebew Assefa Seyfu Ketema Hailu Tefera Henry T Nguyen Abraham Blum Mulu Ayele Guihua Bai Belay Simane Tiruneh Kefyalew |
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| Institution: | (1) Debre Zeit Agricultural Research Center, P.O.Box 32, Debre Zeit, Ethiopia;(2) Institute of Biodiversity, P.O. Box 30726, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia;(3) Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409–2122, U.S.A;(4) Department of Plant Sciences, Alemaya University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 138, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia |
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| Abstract: | Three hundred twenty germplasm lines of the major Ethiopian cereal, tef, Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter], were evaluated
for 20 morphological, phenological and agronomic characters in two-replicated randomized complete blocks at Debre Zeit and
Melkassa Agricultural Research Centers in Ethiopia during the 1995 main season. The objectives were to assess the diversity
of the lines, and to estimate the broad sense heritability (H) and genetic advance (GA) of the various characters. The mean
squares of genotypes were highly significant (p ≤ 0.001) for all the traits. The phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of
variation ranged in that order from about 6–40% and 3–23% for days to maturity and grain yield/plant, and days to maturity
and number of spikelets/main shoot panicle, respectively. The cluster analysis grouped the genotypes into 14 major complexes
consisting of one to 183 lines. Of the 19 principal components involved in explaining the entire variation among the genotypes
the first five which had eigenvalues of more than one explained about 73.8%. The first principal component which accounted
for about 34% of the total variance was due chiefly to plant height, culm and panicle length, diameters of the two basal culm
internodes, main shoot panicle mass and grain yield, number of main shoot panicle branches and spikelets, and days to panicle
emergence and maturity. Estimates of H varied from about 22% for length of the lowest main shoot stem internode to 74% for
number of main shoot panicle branches. Values of GA (expected from selection of the superior 5% of the lines and expressed
relative to the means) ranged from about 3% for days to maturity to 36% for number of spikelets/main shoot panicle. Overall,
the study indicated the existence of trait diversity in tef germplasm and this can be exploited in the genetic improvement
of the crop through hybridization and selection.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. |
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| Keywords: | clustering diversity Eragrostis tef genetic advance germplasm heritability principal components tef |
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