| 圆盘切割式剑麻采摘装置设计与仿真 |
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| 引用本文： | 任甲辉,支腾,李法堂,樊秋菊,武涛.圆盘切割式剑麻采摘装置设计与仿真[J].中国农机化学报,2023,44(1):77. |
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| 作者姓名： | 任甲辉 支腾 李法堂 樊秋菊 武涛 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 华南农业大学工程学院，广州市，510642；
2. 华南农业大学，南方农业机械与装备关键技术教育部重点实验室，广州市，510642
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| 基金项目： | 广东省甘蔗剑麻产业技术体系创新团队（2019KJ104—11）；国家自然科学基金（52175227） |
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| 摘 要： | 针对剑麻人工收割劳动强度大、效率低、成本高等问题，结合剑麻叶片物理特性和收割工艺特点，设计一种圆盘切割式剑麻采摘装置。首先，简述整机结构与工作原理；然后，对装置关键部件的结构进行设计，通过对刀具在切割过程中的受力与运动分析，确定刀具的回转半径和转速等结构与运行参数；最后，运用ANSYS对圆盘刀具进行静力学和模态分析，进而仿真优化刀盘结构，以刀具回转半径和安装角度为试验因素，刀具底部的最大应力和刀具顶部的最大形变量为评价指标进行两因素三水平正交仿真试验。仿真试验结果表明：当刀具安装角度为28°，最大回转半径为105 mm时，刀具的最大变形量为0.09 mm，最大应力为9.38 MPa，远小于刀具材料的最小屈服强度345 MPa；安全系数最小值为15，远大于1，最小循环次数为1010，进入了无限寿命区；根据刀具前6阶模态分析知，刀具的工作转速800 r/min，远小于极限转速。以上研究表明，刀具的刚度、强度和安全系数、疲劳寿命均满足要求，且不会发生共振现象。研究为剑麻收割机的设计及刀具避开共振点频率，减小因振动产生的变形，提供理论和技术参考。
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| 关 键 词： | 剑麻 采摘装置 圆盘刀具 静力学分析 模态分析 |
Design and simulation of the disc cutting picking device of sisal hemp |
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| Abstract: | In view of the current problems of heavy labor intensity, low efficiency and high cost of manual sisal harvesting, a disc cutting picking device of sisal hemp was designed, combined with the physical characteristics of sisal leaves and the characteristics of harvesting technology. Firstly, the structure and working principle of the whole machine were briefly described; Then, the structure of the key components of the device was designed. Through the analysis of the force and motion of the cutter in the cutting process, the structure and operating parameters such as the rotation diameter and speed of the cutter were determined; Finally, the static and modal analysis of the disc cutter was carried out by using ANSYS, and then the cutter structure was optimized by simulation. The two factors and three level orthogonal simulation test was carried out with the maximum stress at the bottom of the cutter and the maximum shape variable at the top of the cutter as the evaluation index and the maximum rotation radius and installation angle of the cutter as the test factors. The simulation test results show that when the cutter installation angle was 28° and the maximum rotation radius was 105 mm, the maximum deformation of the cutter was 0.09 mm and the maximum stress was 9.38 MPa, which was far less than the minimum yield strength of the cutter material 345 MPa. The minimum safety factor was 15, which was much greater than 1, and the minimum number of cycles was 1010 enters the infinite life zone. According to the first six modal analysis of the cutter, the working speed of the cutter was 800 r/min, which was far less than the limit speed. The above research shows that the stiffness, strength, safety factor and fatigue life of the cutter meet the requirements, and resonance will not occur. The research provides theoretical and technical reference for the design of sisal harvester and cutter to avoid the resonance point frequency and reduce the deformation caused by vibration. |
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