| 蓖麻植株力学特性试验研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘磊,石磊,孔凡婷,吴腾,陈长林,孙勇飞.蓖麻植株力学特性试验研究[J].中国农机化学报,2023,44(2):14. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘磊 石磊 孔凡婷 吴腾 陈长林 孙勇飞 |
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| 作者单位： | 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所，南京市，210014 |
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| 基金项目： | 中央级公益性科学研究院所基本科研业务费专项（S201931、S202111—02、S202003—03）；中国农业科学院创新工程（棉麻类收获机械） |
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| 摘 要： | 为研究蓖麻力学条件，对蓖麻的果—柄接点、茎—柄接点和茎秆不同生长部位的抗拉特性、抗弯特性进行力学测试。结果表明：成熟期果—柄抗拉力和抗拉强度分别为3.31～6.74 N、3.48～8.31 MPa，收获期果—柄抗拉力和抗拉强度分别为1.90～4.15 N、2.42～5.28 MPa；茎—柄抗拉力和抗拉强度分别为15.78～37.07 N、19.70～3466 MPa；茎秆的抗拉力、弹性模量和抗拉强度分别为56.99～130.42 N、160.99～203.80 MPa、2850～65.21 MPa，茎秆的抗弯力、弯曲截面模量和抗弯强度分别为15.20～91.04 N、31.53～173.07 MPa、19.27～21.04 MPa。分析试验结果可知，果—柄连结强度与茎—柄连结强度、茎秆抗拉强度及抗弯强度之间存在显著性差异，证明在采摘过程中蓖麻果—柄接点更易分离，其次是茎—柄接点，通过合理设计采摘部件工作参数，可以实现只采收蓖麻蒴果，而较少破坏茎秆。
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| 关 键 词： | 蓖麻 果柄 茎秆 力学特性 |
Experimental research on mechanical properties of castor plants |
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| Abstract: | In order to testify the mechanical condition of harvesting castor, the tensile properties and bending properties of capsule peduncle node, stem peduncle node and different growing parts of stem were tested. The results showed that the tensile force and tensile strength of capsule peduncle node were 3.31-6.74 N and 3.48-8.31 MPa at ripening stage, 190-4.15 N and 2.42-5.28 MPa at harvesting stage. The tensile force and tensile strength of stem peduncle node were 15.78-37.07 N and 19.70-34.66 MPa. The tensile force, elastic modulus and tensile strength of stem bark were 56.99-130.42 N, 160.99-203.80 MPa and 28.50-65.21 MPa. The bending force, bending section modulus and bending strength of stem were 15.20-91.04 N, 31.53-173.07 MPa and 19.27-21.04 MPa. The analysis results indicated that there were significant differences between the connection strength of capsule peduncle node, connection strength of stem peduncle node, stem tensile strength and stem bending strength, which proved that capsule peduncle node was easiest to fracture in the process of picking, followed by stem peduncle node. By reasonably designing the working parameters of picking parts, the harvester can just pick the castor capsule without destroying the stem. |
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| Keywords: | castor peduncle stem mechanical properties |
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