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| 国内外设施蔬菜机械化发展现状分析及对策 | |
| 引用本文： | 王江,李浩,马志伟,郝建军,刘文科.国内外设施蔬菜机械化发展现状分析及对策[J].中国农机化学报,2023,44(1):124. |
| 作者姓名： | 王江 李浩 马志伟 郝建军 刘文科 |
| 作者单位： | 1. 河北农业大学机电工程学院，河北保定，071001； 2. 河北省智慧农业装备技术创新中心，河北保定，071001； 3. 河北农业大学农村发展学院，河北保定，071001； 4. 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所，北京市，100081 |
| 基金项目： | 河北省重点研发计划项目（20327211D） |
| 摘 要： | 随着我国设施蔬菜产业的不断发展以及人们对设施蔬菜的需求日益增加，实现机械化、智能化作业生产成为了设施蔬菜产业现代化进程中的必要环节。虽然我国设施蔬菜面积、产量以及产值不断扩大，但与欧美等设施农业发达国家仍有很大的差距。为提高设施我国设施产业机械化水平，研制可靠的机械作业装备，综述分析美国、日本、荷兰等国家现代化设施蔬菜作业机械的研究现状和发展动态，总结归纳我国设施蔬菜作业机械的类型以及优缺点，指出我国设施蔬菜生产过程中存在机械化、自动化程度不高、机具适应性差、农业机器人应用相对落后等问题。结合我国国情提出要加强研发智能化、信息化设施农业装备，推进新材料及农业机器人新技术的应用等提升设施蔬菜机械化水平的对策，为我国设施蔬菜机械化的发展指明方向和提供参考。 |
| 关 键 词： | 设施蔬菜 机械化 智能化 信息化 农业机器人 |
Analysis and countermeasures of mechanization development of domestic and foreign facility vegetables |
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| Abstract: | With the continuous development of facilities vegetable industry and the increasing demand for facilities vegetable, the realization of mechanization and intelligent operation production has become the necessary link in the modernization process of facilities vegetable industry. Although facilities vegetable area, output and production value are expanding, there is still a big gap with facilities agriculture developed countries such as Europe and the United States. In order to improve the level of industrial mechanization of facilities in China and develop reliable mechanical equipment, this paper summarizes the research status and development trends of modern facilities of vegetable operating machinery in America, Japan, Holland and other countries, and summarizes the types, advantages and disadvantages of facilities of vegetable operating machinery. It is pointed out that some problems exist in the process of vegetable production, such as mechanization, low degree of automation, poor adaptability of machines and machines, and relatively backward application of agricultural robots. Combining with the situation of Chinese facilities, this paper puts forward some countermeasures to strengthen research and development of intellectualized facilities, informationized facilities agricultural equipment, and promote the application of new materials and new agricultural robot technology, which will point out the direction and provide reference for the development of Chinese facilities vegetable mechanization. |
| Keywords: | facility vegetables mechanization intelligentize information agricultural robot |
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