| 黄菖蒲花部特征及繁育习性研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 范少茹,符佳豪,庄秋荣,张永侠,王银杰,张婷,刘清泉,田松青,原海燕.黄菖蒲花部特征及繁育习性研究[J].草地学报,2023,31(1):96-104. |
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| 作者姓名： | 范少茹 符佳豪 庄秋荣 张永侠 王银杰 张婷 刘清泉 田松青 原海燕 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所, 江苏 南京 210014;2. 苏州农业职业技术学院, 江苏 苏州 215008 |
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| 基金项目： | 中央财政林业科技推广示范基金项目(苏[2021]TG04)；江苏省水利科技项目(2021078)；江苏省省级作物种质资源库(JS-ZW-K04)资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 该研究旨在通过定点观察与人工授粉等方法，为黄菖蒲生殖生物学与杂交育种提供理论依据。对引种多年的黄菖蒲(Iris pseudacorus L.)的花器官特征、开花动态、花粉形态及活力、柱头可授性、繁育习性与访花昆虫进行了观察与研究，结果表明，黄菖蒲在南京地区为4月下—5月上开花，雌雄异熟；花粉活力与柱头可授性均为开花当天最强，随后下降；雌雄异位，开花过程中柱头向下弯曲，雄蕊始终短于柱头；花粉/胚珠比380.4,杂交指数为5。黄菖蒲的繁育习性为异交为主，部分自交亲和，需要传粉者，自然状态下存在花粉限制，不存在无融合生殖现象，黑纹食蚜蝇为潜在传粉者。
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| 关 键 词： | 黄菖蒲 花部特征 开花动态 繁育习性 访花昆虫 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-06-22 |
Studies on Floral Syndrome and Breeding Habits of Iris pseudacorus |
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| FAN Shao-ru,FU Jia-hao,ZHUANG Qiu-rong,ZHANG Yong-xia,WANG Yin-jie,ZHANG Ting,LIU Qing-quan,TIAN Song-qing,YUAN Hai-yan.Studies on Floral Syndrome and Breeding Habits of Iris pseudacorus[J].Acta Agrestia Sinica,2023,31(1):96-104. |
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| Authors: | FAN Shao-ru FU Jia-hao ZHUANG Qiu-rong ZHANG Yong-xia WANG Yin-jie ZHANG Ting LIU Qing-quan TIAN Song-qing YUAN Hai-yan |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210014, China;2. Suzhou Polytechnic Institute of Agriculture, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province 215008, China |
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| Abstract: | In this study,to provide a theoretical basis for the reproductive biology and hybrid breeding of I. pseudacorus, the floral characteristic,flowering process,pollen morphology and vitality,stigma receptivity,breeding habits,and flower-visiting insects of Iris pseudacorus L. were observed. The results showed that I. pseudacorus bloomed from April to May in Nanjing,and showed dichogamy;both pollen vitality and stigma receptivity were the strongest on the day of flowering,and then decreased;the stigma bent downward during flowering and the stamen was always shorter than the stigma;the pollen/ovule ratio was 380.4,the outcrossing index (OCI) was 5. The breeding habits of I. pseudacorus was mainly outcrossing,some self-compatibility and pollinators were required. There was pollen limitation in the natural state,and there was no apomixis phenomenon. Episyrphus balteatus were potential pollinators. |
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| Keywords: | Iris pseudacorus Floral syndrome Flowering dynamics Breeding habits Flower visiting insects |
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