| 气力输送技术在农业机械中的应用 |
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| 引用本文： | 李继伟,袁文胜,翟欢乐,朱闪闪.气力输送技术在农业机械中的应用[J].中国农机化学报,2023,44(1):85. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李继伟 袁文胜 翟欢乐 朱闪闪 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 江苏航空职业技术学院航空工程学院，江苏镇江，212134；
2. 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所，南京市，210014
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| 基金项目： | 江苏省高职院校教师专业带头人高端研修项目（2021GRFX020） |
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| 摘 要： | 气力输送技术可在很大程度对农业机械进行结构简化，降低成本和提高作业效率，越来越多地被用于播种、施肥和捡拾收获等物料输送装置中。了解气力输送技术的特性以及在农业机械中的应用现状，对于提高农机作业效率、促进先进农业机械化技术研发具有重要意义。为此，在农业物料气力输送特性、气力输送技术在农机领域的应用情况等方面进行大量文献调研分析和归纳总结。根据正负压输送的不同特点，对气力播种、施肥、收获捡拾机械装备的主要结构、工作原理和特点进行分析和阐述。在此基础上，指出农业领域气力输送应用和研究中存在的问题，包括：气力输送方式存在易堵塞、精度稍低的问题，能耗较大的问题以及相关基础研究不足的问题。针对以上存在的问题，提出针对性的建议：优化结构、配套监测系统，提高工作可靠性；改用效率较高的智能风机，降低能耗；加强基础研究，充分利用仿真等研究手段，进一步促进气力输送技术的应用。
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| 关 键 词： | 气力输送 农业机械 悬浮速度 物料特性 |
Application of pneumatic conveying in agricultural machinery#br# |
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| Abstract: | Pneumatic conveying technology is increasingly used in material handling devices for sowing, fertilizer application, and harvesting picking, as it can greatly simplify the structure of agricultural machinery, decrease costs, and enhance operational efficiency. Understanding the characteristics of pneumatic conveying technology and its application in agricultural machinery is of great significance to improve the operation efficiency of agricultural machinery and promote the research and development of advanced agricultural mechanization technology. Therefore, a large number of literatures have been investigated, analyzed and summarized in the characteristics of pneumatic conveying of agricultural materials and the application of pneumatic conveying technology in agricultural machinery. The fundamental structures, working principles, and characteristics of pneumatic sowing, fertilizer application, and harvest picking machinery and equipment are analyzed based on the varied characteristics of positive and negative pressure conveyance. The problems existing in the application and research of pneumatic conveying in the field of agriculture are pointed out, including the problems of easy blockage, low precision, high energy consumption and the lack of relevant basic research. In view of the above existing problems, some suggestions are put forward. These are improving the working reliability through structural optimization and monitoring system development, using intelligent fans with high efficiency to reduce energy consumption, and promoting the application of pneumatic conveying technology by strengthening basic research and using simulation research methods. |
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| Keywords: | pneumatic conveying agricultural machinery suspension velocity material characteristics |
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