| 甘露寡糖添加方式对哺乳期犊牛瘤胃细菌菌群结构的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 冶文兴,张洁,陈林,金亚东,曹志军,徐晓锋.甘露寡糖添加方式对哺乳期犊牛瘤胃细菌菌群结构的影响[J].草业科学,2020(5):984-992. |
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| 作者姓名： | 冶文兴 张洁 陈林 金亚东 曹志军 徐晓锋 |
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| 作者单位： | 宁夏大学农学院;中国农业大学动物科学技术学院 |
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| 基金项目： | 宁夏重点研发中西部合作项目“奶牛绿色养殖与优质生鲜乳生产体系研究与示范”(20190410110);国家自然科学基金(31660675)。 |
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| 摘 要： | 为利用16S rDNA技术研究甘露寡糖不同添加方式对哺乳期犊牛瘤胃细菌菌群结构影响,本研究选用出生日龄一致、体重接近、健康状况良好的荷斯坦公犊牛20头,随机分为4组。CR组为对照组,饮用乳及开食料中均不添加甘露寡糖;ORa组在饮用乳中添加5 g甘露寡糖,开食料中不添加甘露寡糖;ORb组在开食料中添加5 g甘露寡糖,饮用乳中不添加甘露寡糖;ORc组在饮用乳及开食料中各添加2.5 g甘露寡糖(混合添加)。应用16S rDNA测序技术,研究了甘露寡糖添加方式对犊牛瘤胃细菌构建的影响。结果表明:甘露寡糖添加方式会影响哺乳期犊牛瘤胃细菌总数,但对哺乳期犊牛瘤胃细菌菌群多样性未产生显著影响(P>0.05)。在门水平上,与对照组相比,ORb组颗粒料中添加甘露寡糖显著降低了厚壁菌门与放线菌门的丰度(P<0.05),极显著提高了变形菌门的丰度(P<0.01),优势菌门增加为3种,分别为拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门与变形菌门。在属水平上,甘露寡糖不同添加方式导致哺乳期犊牛瘤胃细菌菌群结发生了改变,其中甘露寡糖不同添加方式对小杆菌属和脱硫弧菌属在瘤胃内丰度均产生了影响,但对ORa组与ORc组犊牛瘤胃细菌影响不及ORb组;且ORb组犊牛瘤胃细菌功能性菌属普雷沃氏-7属、氨基酸球菌属、优杆菌属和琥珀酸弧菌等均发生显著变化。基于以上结果,得出如下结论:本研究条件下,甘露寡糖添加方式对哺乳期犊牛瘤胃细菌菌群多样性未产生显著影响(P>0.05),但开食料中寡糖添加方式对菌群结构产生部分影响,其中发挥瘤胃蛋白降解作用和淀粉降解作用的琥珀酸弧菌科-UCG-001属、利用乳酸的新月形单胞菌属丰度极显著提高(P<0.01),而利用乳糖的优杆菌属丰度显著降低,降解半纤维素的小杆菌属丰度极显著降低(P<0.01)。
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| 关 键 词： | 16S rDNA 甘露寡糖 犊牛 瘤胃细菌 |
Effect of oligosaccharide addition on rumen bacterial flora of lactating calves |
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| YE Wenxing,ZHANG Jie,CHEN Lin,JIN Yadong,CAO Zhijun,XU Xiaofeng.Effect of oligosaccharide addition on rumen bacterial flora of lactating calves[J].Pratacultural Science,2020(5):984-992. |
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| Authors: | YE Wenxing ZHANG Jie CHEN Lin JIN Yadong CAO Zhijun XU Xiaofeng |
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| Institution: | (School of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,Ningxia,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agriculture University,Beijing 100083,China) |
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| Abstract: | The effects of different methods mannose oligosaccharide(MOS)addition on the construction of rumen bacteria in calves were studied based on 16S rDNA sequencing.Twenty healthy male Holstein calves with similar weights and of the same age were selected and randomly divided into four groups.The control group(CR)was fed a basal diet of milk with no MOS added.In the ORa group,5 g MOS was added to the milk rather than the diet.In the ORb group,5 g MOS was added to the diet rather than the milk.In ORc group,2.5 g MOS was added to both the milk and diet,respectively.The results showed that the different methods of MOS addition affected the total amount of rumen bacteria,but no significant influence on the diversity of rumen bacteria in calves was found.At the phylum level,compared with that of the control group,the addition of MOS in the ORb group significantly reduced the abundance of Firmicutes and Actinomycetes(P<0.05)and significantly increased the abundance of Proteobacteria(P<0.01).The dominant bacteria in the ORb group increased to 3 species(Bacteroidetes,Firmicutes,and Proteobacteria).At the genus level,the different methods of MOS addition effected the structure of rumen bacteria of the calves to some extent,including Dialister and Desulfovibrio.While the variables had fewer effects on the rumen bacteria of calves in the ORa and ORc groups compared to that of the ORb group.Moreover,the functional rumen bacteria of the calves in the ORb group were all significantly affected,including prevoort-7,amino acid cocci,eubacterium,and vibrio succinate.In this experiment,the different ways of adding MOS had no significant impact on the diversity of rumen bacteria of suckling calves.However,the method of MOS addition in the starter had some effects on the structure of the flora,among which the abundance of Succinivibrionaceae_UCG-001,which played a role in both rumen protein degradation and starch degradation,significantly increased.The abundance of Selenomonas using lactic acid significantly increased,and the abundance of Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group using lactose significantly reduced,while the abundance of Dialister degrading hemicellulose significantly reduced. |
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| Keywords: | 16S rDNA mannose oligosaccharide calf rumen bacteria |
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