| 考虑喷灌田间小气候变化作用确定灌水技术参数方法探讨 |
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| 引用本文： | 赵伟霞,李久生,栗岩峰.考虑喷灌田间小气候变化作用确定灌水技术参数方法探讨[J].中国生态农业学报,2012,20(9):1166-1172. |
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| 作者姓名： | 赵伟霞 李久生 栗岩峰 |
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| 作者单位： | 中国水利水电科学研究院 流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室 北京 100048 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)重点项目(2011AA100506)和中国博士后基金资助 |
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| 摘 要： | 喷灌强度和灌溉时间是喷灌系统重要的设计与运行参数。传统的喷灌技术参数确定方法没有系统考虑喷灌对田间小气候变化的影响。以2001—2007年河南省新乡市和2005—2011年北京市大兴地区的夏玉米为研究对象,探讨了考虑喷灌田间小气候变化作用确定灌水技术参数的方法,即利用考虑了喷灌田间小气候变化效果的扩展CUPID模型,模拟不同喷灌强度和灌溉时间的喷灌水利用率,研究喷灌水利用率的年际和季节变化规律,以喷灌水利用率最高为目标确定喷灌技术参数。结果表明,随着夏玉米的生长,喷灌水利用率逐渐降低。不同地区喷灌强度对喷灌水利用率年际变化表现出不同的影响程度;白天灌溉比夜间灌溉的喷灌水利用率具有更强的年际变化特征。新乡市粉砂壤土适宜的喷灌强度为10 mm·h-1,大兴地区砂质壤土适宜的喷灌强度为15 mm·h-1,灌溉宜选择在8:00开始。
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| 关 键 词： | 喷灌 CUPID模型 喷灌水利用率 小气候 喷灌强度 灌溉时间 |
| 收稿时间： | 2012/1/21 0:00:00 |
| 修稿时间： | 2012/5/29 0:00:00 |
Determining sprinkler technical parameters with consideration for microclimate modification effects |
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| ZHAO Wei-Xi,LI Jiu-Sheng and LI Yan-Feng.Determining sprinkler technical parameters with consideration for microclimate modification effects[J].Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture,2012,20(9):1166-1172. |
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| Authors: | ZHAO Wei-Xi LI Jiu-Sheng and LI Yan-Feng |
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| Institution: | State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin;State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin;State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin |
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| Abstract: | Application intensity and time are two important parameters for the design and operation of sprinkler irrigation systems. The effects of microclimate modification from sprinkler water evaporation have not still been adequately considered in conventional methods of determining sprinkler technical parameters. This study proposed an approach to determine application intensity and time with consideration for microclimate modification effects of sprinkler irrigation using the extended CUPID model. In the model, application intensity and time parameters were determined using maximized sprinkler efficiency. Sprinkler efficiency was simulated under varying application intensities and times in summer corn seasons in Xinxiang City during 2001-2007 and in Daxing during 2005-2011. The optimal parameters for the two regions were then determined. The results indicated that sprinkler efficiency decreased with time during summer corn growth. The influence of sprinkler intensity on inter-annual variations of sprinkler efficiency differed with irrigation region. Furthermore, daytime sprinkler irrigation produced higher inter-annual variations than that nighttime sprinkler irrigation. While the optimal application intensity in Xinxiang was 10 mm·h-1 for silt-loam soils, it was 15 mm·h-1 in Daxing for sand-loam soils. For both Xinxiang and Daxing region, maximum sprinkler efficiency was obtained at 8:00 am. |
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| Keywords: | Sprinkler irrigation CUPID model Sprinkler efficiency Micro climate Sprinkler intensity Irrigation time |
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