| 水蚀区生产建设项目土壤侵蚀模数动态计算——以北海原油商业储备基地项目为例 |
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| 引用本文： | 牛俊,王一峰,李建明,高强,赵久长,王志刚.水蚀区生产建设项目土壤侵蚀模数动态计算——以北海原油商业储备基地项目为例[J].中国水土保持,2021(4):53-58,I0001. |
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| 作者姓名： | 牛俊 王一峰 李建明 高强 赵久长 王志刚 |
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| 作者单位： | 长江水利委员会长江科学院;水利部山洪地质灾害防治工程技术研究中心;长江水利委员会国际合作与科技局;中国石化管道储运有限公司 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目(41701316);水利部技术示范项目(SF-201709);2019年武汉市水土流失动态监测与生产建设项目监管项目(CKSK2019444/TB);长江科学院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(CKSF2019410/TB) |
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| 摘 要： | 水蚀区生产建设项目开发活动加速了水力侵蚀进程。在“水利工程补短板、水利行业强监管”背景下,应以季度为单位进行土壤侵蚀模数动态计算,以直观反映项目实施过程中人为活动影响下的土壤侵蚀强度动态变化情况。以水蚀区生产建设项目为例,基于监测数据,引入季度侵蚀时长参数,以季度为侵蚀时长单位对土壤侵蚀模数进行动态计算,结果表明:水蚀区生产建设项目土壤侵蚀强度受人为扰动剧烈程度和扰动形式影响显著;工程施工期,人为活动剧烈时,项目建设区平均土壤侵蚀模数显著增大,施工期末及自然恢复期人为活动大幅减少或消失后,土壤侵蚀模数迅速回落,实施水土保持措施后,工程水土流失得到有效治理,土壤侵蚀模数降低至微度侵蚀区间;不同地表扰动形式下的土壤侵蚀模数值及其变幅差异明显,研究项目施工过程中各“人工下垫面”土壤侵蚀模数及其变幅按大小排序为松散坡地>松散平地>压实平地>绿化平地。引入季度侵蚀时长后,可实现以季度为单位进行生产建设项目土壤侵蚀模数动态计算,计算结果可用于评价生产建设项目实施过程中人为活动影响下的土壤侵蚀强度动态变化情况。
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| 关 键 词： | 水蚀区 生产建设项目 土壤侵蚀模数 动态计算 |
Dynamic Calculation of Soil Erosion Modulus of Production and Construction Projects in Water Eroded Area:Taking the North Sea Crude Oil Commercial Reserve Base Project as an Example |
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| Institution: | (Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute of Changjiang Water Resources Commission of the Ministry of Water Resources,Wuhan,Hubei 430000,China;Engineering Technology Research Center of Mountain Torrent Geological Disaster Prevention and Control of MWR,Wuhan,Hubei 430000,China) |
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| Abstract: | The development activities of production and construction projects in water erosion areas have accelerated the process of water erosion.Under the background of improving weakness through hydraulic engineering works and strengthening supervision in water sector,dynamic calculation of soil erosion modulus should be carried out on a quarterly basis and should directly reflect the dynamic change of soil erosion intensity under the influence of human activities in the process of project implementation.Taking the production and construction project in water erosion area as an example and based on monitoring data,the paper introduced seasonal erosion duration parameter and dynamically calculated the soil erosion modulus by taking quarter as the unit of erosion duration.The outcomes show that:a)the soil erosion intensity of production and construction project in water erosion area is significantly affected by the intensity and the form of human disturbance;b)during the construction period and when human activities are intense,the average soil erosion modulus of the project construction area is increased significantly and the soil erosion modulus is dropped rapidly when human activities are greatly reduced or disappeared at the end of the construction period and the natural recovery period.After the implementation of soil and water conservation measures,it can effectively control the soil erosion of the project and the soil erosion modulus can be reduced to micro erosion range and;c)there are obvious differences in soil erosion modulus and their ranges under different forms of surface disturbance.The study on the soil erosion modulus of each artificial underlying surface and the range of variation from large to small is loose slope land>loose flat ground>compacted flat>green flat land.It shows that after the introduction of seasonal erosion duration,it can achieve the dynamic calculation of soil erosion modulus of production and construction project on a quarterly basis and the calculation results can be used to evaluate the dynamic change of soil erosion intensity under the influence of human activities during the implementation of production and construction projects. |
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| Keywords: | water erosion area construction and production projects soil erosion modulus dynamic calculation |
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