Differential staining of mitotic chromosomes from inbred lines and hybrids ofZea mays L. |
| |
Authors: | Nguyen Thi Khuong I Schubert |
| |
Institution: | (1) Present address: Department of Genetics, Institute of Biology, National Center for Scientific Research, Nghia Do-Tu Liem — Hanoi, Vietnam;(2) Zentralinstitut für Genetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung der Akademie der Wissenschaften der DDR, Corrensstraße 3, 4325 Gatersleben, DDR |
| |
Abstract: | Summary The Giemsa banding patterns of four inbred lines (DB1113, DB1116, WIR44 and WIR27) ofZea mays and their hybrids have been compared. The polymorphism of knob heterochromatin of 4 chromosome pairs allowed to distinguish the 4 inbred lines on the basis of their banding patterns, reflected the evolutionary distance of the inbred lines and provided evidence as to the origin of these chromosomes in hybrids.Sister chromatid differentiation by means of BrdUrd incorporation prior to fluorescence plus Giemsa(FPG)-technique revealed 3.7 SCEs per cell for the hybrid BEKOS 251. Individualization of chromosomes on the basis of their replication patterns or asymmetric bands after application of the same technique was impossible.
Differentialfärbung mitotischer Chromosomen von Inzuchtlinien und deren Hybriden beiZea mays L. Zusammenfassung Die Giemsabandenmuster der vier Inzuchtlinien des Maises DB1113, DB1116 (convar.vulgaris) und WIR27, WIR44 (convar.dentiformis) sowie der daraus entstandenen Hybriden SU 10, Kappa und BEKOS 251 wurden untereinander verglichen. Polymorphismen des Knob-Heterochromatins auf vier Chromosomenpaaren (I, VI, VII, VIII) erlaubten die Unterscheidung der vier Inzuchtlinien anhand ihrer Bandenmuster, widerspiegelten den jeweiligen Verwandtschaftsgrad zwischen den Inzuchtlinien und ermöglichten für einige Chromosomen der Hybriden den Herkunftsnachweis.Schwesterchromatidendifferenzierung nach BrdUrd-Einbau und FPG-Färbung ergaben für die Doppelhybride BEKOS 251 3.7 SCEs/Zelle. Die Erfassung von Replikationsmustern oder asymmetrischen Banden zur Charakterisierung individueller Chromosomen war mit dieser Methode nicht möglich.
![Dcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1044.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1080.gif) ![fcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1092.gif) ![fcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1092.gif) ![iecy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1077.gif) ![rcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1088.gif) ![iecy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1085.gif) ![tscy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1094.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1080.gif) ![acy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1072.gif) ![lcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1083.gif) ![softcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1100.gif) ![ncy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1085.gif) ![acy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1072.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1086.gif) ![kcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1082.gif) ![rcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1088.gif) ![acy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1072.gif) ![scy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1089.gif) ![kcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1082.gif) ![mcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1084.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1080.gif) ![tcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1090.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1086.gif) ![tcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1090.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1080.gif) ![chcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1095.gif) ![iecy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1077.gif) ![scy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1089.gif) ![kcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1082.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1080.gif) ![khcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1093.gif) ![rcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1088.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1086.gif) ![mcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1084.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1086.gif) ![scy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1089.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1086.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1080.gif) ![ncy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1085.gif) ![bcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1073.gif) ![rcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1088.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1080.gif) ![dcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1076.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1080.gif) ![ncy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1085.gif) ![lcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1083.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1080.gif) ![ncy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1080.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1080.gif) ![gcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1075.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1080.gif) ![bcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1073.gif) ![rcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1088.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1080.gif) ![dcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1076.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xhuge1086.gif) Zea mays L.
![Kcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1050.gif) ![rcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1088.gif) ![acy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1072.gif) ![tcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1090.gif) ![kcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1082.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![scy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1089.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![dcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1076.gif) ![iecy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1077.gif) ![rcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1088.gif) ![zhcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1078.gif) ![acy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1072.gif) ![ncy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![Scy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1057.gif) ![rcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1088.gif) ![acy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1072.gif) ![vcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1074.gif) ![ncy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![vcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1074.gif) ![acy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1072.gif) ![yucy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1102.gif) ![vcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1074.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![pcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1087.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![lcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1083.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) , ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![kcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1082.gif) ![rcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1088.gif) ![acy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1072.gif) ![shcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1096.gif) ![iecy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ncy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ycy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1099.gif) ![gcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1075.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![mcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1084.gif) ![zcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1079.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) , ![chcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1095.gif) ![iecy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1077.gif) ![tcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1090.gif) ![ycy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1099.gif) ![rcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1088.gif) ![iocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1105.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ncy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1085.gif) ![bcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1073.gif) ![rcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1088.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![dcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1076.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ncy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1085.gif) ![lcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1083.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ncy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![kcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1082.gif) ![ucy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1091.gif) ![kcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1082.gif) ![ucy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1091.gif) ![rcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1088.gif) ![ucy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1091.gif) ![zcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1079.gif) DB1113, DB1116 (convar.vulgaris) WIR27, WIR44 (convar.dentiformis), ![tcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1090.gif) ![acy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1072.gif) ![kcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1082.gif) ![zhcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1078.gif) ![pcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1087.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![lcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1083.gif) ![ucy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1091.gif) ![chcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1095.gif) ![iecy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ncy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ycy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1099.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![ncy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![gcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1075.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![bcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1073.gif) ![rcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1088.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![dcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1076.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) SU 10, Kappa BEKOS 251. ![Pcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1055.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![lcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1083.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![fcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1092.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![rcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1088.gif) ![mcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1084.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![zcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1079.gif) ![mcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1084.gif) ![kcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1082.gif) ![ncy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) -![gcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1075.gif) ![iecy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1077.gif) ![tcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1090.gif) ![iecy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1077.gif) ![rcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1088.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![khcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1093.gif) ![rcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1088.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![mcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1084.gif) ![acy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1072.gif) ![tcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1090.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ncy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ncy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1085.gif) ![chcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1095.gif) ![iecy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1077.gif) ![tcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1090.gif) ![ycy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1099.gif) ![rcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1088.gif) ![iocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1105.gif) ![khcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1093.gif) ![rcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1088.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![mcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1084.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![scy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1089.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![mcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1084.gif) ![ncy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ycy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1099.gif) ![pcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1087.gif) ![acy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1072.gif) ![rcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1088.gif) ![acy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1072.gif) (I, VI, VII, VIII) ![dcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1076.gif) ![acy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1072.gif) ![yucy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1102.gif) ![vcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1074.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![zcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1079.gif) ![mcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1084.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![zhcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1078.gif) ![ncy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![scy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1090.gif) ![rcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1088.gif) ![acy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1072.gif) ![zcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1079.gif) ![lcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1083.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![chcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1095.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![tcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1090.gif) ![chcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1095.gif) ![iecy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1077.gif) ![tcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1090.gif) ![ycy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1099.gif) ![rcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1088.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ncy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1085.gif) ![bcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1073.gif) ![rcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1088.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![dcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1076.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ncy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1085.gif) ![lcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1083.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ncy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![pcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1087.gif) ![vcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1074.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![dcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1076.gif) ![pcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1087.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![lcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1083.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) , ![scy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1090.gif) ![rcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1088.gif) ![acy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1072.gif) ![zhcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1078.gif) ![acy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1072.gif) ![yucy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1102.gif) ![shchcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1097.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![scy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1089.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![scy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1090.gif) ![vcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1074.gif) ![iecy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1077.gif) ![tcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1090.gif) ![scy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1090.gif) ![vcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1074.gif) ![ucy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1091.gif) ![yucy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1102.gif) ![shchcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1097.gif) ![yucy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1102.gif) ![scy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1090.gif) ![iecy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1077.gif) ![pcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1087.gif) ![iecy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1085.gif) ![rcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1088.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![dcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1076.gif) ![scy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1090.gif) ![vcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1074.gif) ![mcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1084.gif) ![iecy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1077.gif) ![zhcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1078.gif) ![dcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1076.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ncy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1085.gif) ![bcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1073.gif) ![rcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1088.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![dcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1076.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ncy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1085.gif) ![lcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1083.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ncy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![yacy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1103.gif) ![mcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1084.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![bcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1073.gif) ![lcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1083.gif) ![iecy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1077.gif) ![gcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1075.gif) ![chcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1095.gif) ![acy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1072.gif) ![yucy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1102.gif) ![shchcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1097.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![pcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1087.gif) ![rcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1088.gif) ![iecy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1077.gif) ![dcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1076.gif) ![iecy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1077.gif) ![lcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1083.gif) ![iecy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![pcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1087.gif) ![rcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1088.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![scy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1089.gif) ![khcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1093.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![zhcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1078.gif) ![dcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1076.gif) ![iecy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![dcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1076.gif) ![lcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1083.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![tcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1090.gif) ![dcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1076.gif) ![iecy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1077.gif) ![lcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1083.gif) ![softcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1100.gif) ![ncy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ycy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1099.gif) ![khcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1093.gif) ![rcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1088.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![mcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1084.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![scy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1089.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![gcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1075.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![bcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1073.gif) ![rcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1088.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![dcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1076.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) .![Dcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1044.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![fcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1092.gif) ![fcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1092.gif) ![iecy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1077.gif) ![rcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1088.gif) ![iecy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1085.gif) ![tscy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1094.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![rcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1088.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![vcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1074.gif) ![acy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1072.gif) ![ncy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![scy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1089.gif) ![iocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1105.gif) ![scy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1090.gif) ![rcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1088.gif) ![iecy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1085.gif) ![scy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1089.gif) ![kcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1082.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![khcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1093.gif) ![rcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1088.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![mcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1084.gif) ![acy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1072.gif) ![tcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1090.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![pcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1087.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![scy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1089.gif) ![lcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1083.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ncy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1085.gif) ![kcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1082.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![rcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1088.gif) ![pcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1087.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![rcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1088.gif) ![acy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1072.gif) ![tscy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1094.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) BrdUrd ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![kcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1082.gif) ![rcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1088.gif) ![acy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1072.gif) ![scy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1089.gif) ![kcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1082.gif) FPG ![dcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1076.gif) ![acy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1072.gif) ![lcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1083.gif) ![dcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1076.gif) ![lcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1083.gif) ![dcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1076.gif) ![vcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1074.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![jcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1081.gif) ![ncy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ycy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1099.gif) ![gcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1075.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![bcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1073.gif) ![rcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1088.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![dcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1076.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) BEKOS 251 3,7 ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![bcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1073.gif) ![mcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1084.gif) ![iecy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1077.gif) ![ncy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![scy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1089.gif) ![iocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1105.gif) ![scy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1090.gif) ![rcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1088.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ncy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1085.gif) ![scy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1089.gif) ![kcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1082.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![khcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1093.gif) ![rcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1088.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![mcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1084.gif) ![acy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1072.gif) ![tcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1090.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![dcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1076.gif) ![ncy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![kcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1082.gif) ![lcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1083.gif) ![iecy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1077.gif) ![tcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1090.gif) ![kcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1082.gif) . ![pcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1087.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![mcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1084.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![shchcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1097.gif) ![softcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1100.gif) ![ecy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1101.gif) ![tcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1090.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![gcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1075.gif) ![mcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1084.gif) ![iecy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1077.gif) ![tcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1090.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![dcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1076.gif) ![ncy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1085.gif) ![iecy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1077.gif) ![vcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1074.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![zcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1079.gif) ![mcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1084.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![zhcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1078.gif) ![ncy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1085.gif) ![bcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1073.gif) ![ycy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1099.gif) ![lcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1083.gif) ![pcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1087.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![kcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1082.gif) ![acy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1072.gif) ![zcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1079.gif) ![acy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1072.gif) ![tcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1090.gif) ![rcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1088.gif) ![iecy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1077.gif) ![pcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1087.gif) ![lcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1083.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![kcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1082.gif) ![acy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1072.gif) ![tscy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1094.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![ncy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ncy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ucy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1091.gif) ![kcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1082.gif) ![acy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1072.gif) ![rcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1088.gif) ![tcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1090.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ncy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1085.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![lcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1083.gif) ![acy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1072.gif) ![scy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1089.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![mcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1084.gif) ![mcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1084.gif) ![iecy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1077.gif) ![tcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1090.gif) ![rcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1088.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![chcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1095.gif) ![iecy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1077.gif) ![scy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1089.gif) ![kcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1082.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![pcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1087.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![lcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1083.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![scy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1089.gif) ![dcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1076.gif) ![lcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1083.gif) ![khcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1093.gif) ![acy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1072.gif) ![rcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1088.gif) ![acy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1072.gif) ![kcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1082.gif) ![tcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1090.gif) ![iecy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1077.gif) ![rcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1088.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![scy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1089.gif) ![tcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1090.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![kcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1082.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![ncy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1085.gif) ![dcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1076.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![vcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1074.gif) ![icy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1080.gif) ![dcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1076.gif) ![ucy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1091.gif) ![acy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1072.gif) ![lcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1083.gif) ![softcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1100.gif) ![ncy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1085.gif) ![ycy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1099.gif) ![khcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1093.gif) ![rcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1088.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![mcy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1084.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) ![scy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1089.gif) ![ocy](/content/l60j3377x4081174/xxlarge1086.gif) .
|
| |
Keywords: | |
本文献已被 SpringerLink 等数据库收录! |
|