| 起身肥对水稻分蘖和氮素吸收利用的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 郑永美,丁艳锋,王强盛,李刚华,王惠芝,王绍华.起身肥对水稻分蘖和氮素吸收利用的影响[J].作物学报,2008,34(3):513-519. |
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| 作者姓名： | 郑永美 丁艳锋 王强盛 李刚华 王惠芝 王绍华 |
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| 作者单位： | 南京农业大学农业部作物生长调控重点开放实验室，江苏南京210095 |
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| 摘 要： | 以宁粳2号为材料, 通过塑盘穴播育秧，带土、带肥移栽，研究了起身肥对水稻分蘖的发生、氮素积累量、氮肥利用率和产量的影响。结果表明，移栽后17 d，基蘖肥水平相同条件下，起身肥处理 (N-100%) 群体茎蘖数比非起身肥处理 (CK) 高3´105 hm-2。有效分蘖临界叶龄期N-100%处理中，>3叶龄分蘖比率显著高于CK。与CK相比，N-100%处理多施5.55 kg N hm-2，而分蘖成穗率、有效穗数、氮素积累量、氮肥利用率和产量均显著提高。N-75%处理 (施起身肥，基蘖肥施量为常规的75%) 中，总施肥量比CK低32.4 kg N hm-2，而氮素积累量和氮肥利用率均高于CK。N-50%处理 (施起身肥，基蘖肥施量为常规的50%) 基蘖肥水平过低，影响分蘖的发生与生长，与CK相比，氮肥利用率和产量都显著降低。因此，适量的起身肥可以促进分蘖的早生快发，提高水稻的分蘖成穗率，减少基蘖氮肥的施用量，促进水稻对氮肥的吸收和利用，提高氮素积累量和氮肥利用率。
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| 关 键 词： | 水稻 塑盘穴播 起身肥 氮肥利用率 产量 |
| 收稿时间： | 2007-04-27 |
| 修稿时间： | 2007年4月27日 |
Effect of Nitrogen Applied before Transplanting on Tillering and Nitrogen Utilization in Rice |
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| ZHENG Yong-Mei,DING Yan-Feng,WANG Qiang-Sheng,LI Gang-Hua,WANG Hui-Zhi,WANG Shao-Hua.Effect of Nitrogen Applied before Transplanting on Tillering and Nitrogen Utilization in Rice[J].Acta Agronomica Sinica,2008,34(3):513-519. |
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| Authors: | ZHENG Yong-Mei DING Yan-Feng WANG Qiang-Sheng LI Gang-Hua WANG Hui-Zhi WANG Shao-Hua |
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| Institution: | Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China |
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| Abstract: | Nitrogen (N) before transplanting, applied in seedling-bed and carried to the paddy field with seedlings is proposed in this paper. The effect of this method on tillering, N accumulation, N fertilizer utilization efficiency (NUE), and grain yield were investigated in a field experiment with a japonica cultivar Ningjing 2. The results indicated that, on the condition of equal basic and tillering N fertilizer, the tillers number in the treatment of nitrogen fertilizer applied before transplanting (N-100%) was 300 thousand ha-1 higher than that in treatment of no N fertilizer applied before transplanting (CK). At the critical stage of productive tiller, the tillers rate with leaf age >3 in N-100% treatment was remarkably higher than that in CK. Compared with CK, the rate of effective tillers, number of effective panicles, N accumulation, NUE, and grain yield of N-100% treatment were markedly increased. But the application of N was only 5.55 kg ha-1 more than that of CK. In N-75% treatment the application of N was 32.4 kg ha-1 lower than that in CK, while N accumulation and NUE were higher than those in CK. Compared with CK, N application of N-50% treatment was too lower, therefore it had negative effect on accelerating tiller’s development. As a result NUE and grain yield of N-50% treatment were observably lower than that of CK. The results suggested that proper N fertilizer applied before transplanting had positive effect on accelerating tiller’s development, and enhancing rate of effective tillers. Moreover, application of N fertilizer before transplanting could reduce the quantity of basic and tillering N fertilizer, speed absorption and utilization of N fertilizer, and increase N accumulation and NUE in rice. |
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| Keywords: | Rice Plastic-plate dotsow Nitrogen fertilizer applied before transplanting Nitrogen utilization efficiency Yield |
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