| 植株结构对不同虫态蠋蝽搜索和捕食斜纹夜蛾幼虫行为的影响 |
| |
| 引用本文： | 李发倩,李保平,孟玲.植株结构对不同虫态蠋蝽搜索和捕食斜纹夜蛾幼虫行为的影响[J].中国生物防治学报,2021,37(3):464-471. |
| |
| 作者姓名： | 李发倩 李保平 孟玲 |
| |
| 作者单位： | 南京农业大学植物保护学院/农作物生物灾害综合治理教育部重点实验室, 南京 210095 |
| |
| 基金项目： | 国家重点研发计划（2017YFE0104900，2017YFD02010000） |
| |
| 摘 要： | 本研究旨在探明植株结构复杂性如何影响活动性较弱的捕食性昆虫对植株上防卫性较强的猎物的搜索和捕食行为。以蠋蝽Arma chinensis及其猎物斜纹夜蛾Spodoptera litura幼虫为捕食者-猎物模式，设置盆栽大豆Glycine max植株结构复杂性2个处理：1株/盆，2株/盆，接4头斜纹夜蛾4龄幼虫：在某一盆植株的4个枝条上各1头。然后在植株基部主茎上释放1头3或5龄蠋蝽若虫或1头刚羽化的雌或雄成虫，组成蠋蝽虫龄（态）4个处理。对躅蝽首次选择有虫枝条的概率分析结果表明，蠋蝽虫龄（态）和植株复杂性处理均不影响蠋蝽对有猎物枝条的首选偏好性，说明蠋蝽在植株主茎上随机选择枝条搜寻取食叶片的猎物。拟合蠋蝽首次攻击猎物的潜伏期估计猎物被捕食的瞬间概率（风险）结果表明，植株结构复杂性和蠋蝽虫龄（态）单独影响斜纹夜蛾幼虫的被捕食风险，该风险在结构简单比在复杂的植株上增大2.4倍；被3龄或5龄若虫捕食的风险是被雌成虫捕食的1.7倍；在3龄与5龄若虫之间以及雌性和雄性成虫之间没有差异。对蠋蝽搜索和捕食行为的时间特征进行的分析结果表明，植株复杂性和蠋蝽虫龄（态）单独影响蠋蝽的搜索和捕食行为的时间特征参数，搜索用时在复杂植株上比在简单植株上延长1.5倍；3龄若虫的搜索用时比5龄若虫长1.3倍；植株复杂性不影响蠋蝽的静伏用时，但雌成虫的静伏用时分别是3、5龄若虫和雄成虫用时的1.8、1.6和1.3倍，雄成虫的静伏用时分别是3、5龄若虫用时的1.7和1.3倍；植株复杂性不影响蠋蝽麻痹猎物用时，但3龄若虫用时分别是雌、雄成虫和5龄若虫用时的2.2、2.1和1.7倍，5龄若虫用时分别是雌、雄成虫用时的1.3和1.2倍。本研究结果说明，斜纹夜蛾4龄幼虫的被捕食风险在结构较复杂的植株上明显降低，被蠋蝽若虫捕食的风险大于被成虫捕食；植株结构复杂会降低蠋蝽的搜索效率。
|
| 关 键 词： | 捕食者-猎物互作 植物结构 被捕食风险 搜索行为 捕食性蝽 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-05-26 |
Effects of Plant Structure on Searching and Predation Behaviors of Different Life Stages of Arma chinensis (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) on Spodoptera litura Caterpillars |
| |
| LI Faqian,LI Baoping,MENG Ling.Effects of Plant Structure on Searching and Predation Behaviors of Different Life Stages of Arma chinensis (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) on Spodoptera litura Caterpillars[J].Chinese Journal of Biological Control,2021,37(3):464-471. |
| |
| Authors: | LI Faqian LI Baoping MENG Ling |
| |
| Institution: | College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China |
| |
| Abstract: | This study aims to determine the effect of plant structural complexity and predator's life stages on searching and attacking behaviors of a sluggish predator insect on defensive prey. We applied a generalist predatory stinkbug Arma chinensis and a generalist herbivore Spodoptera litura larva as a predator-prey model system. Potted soybean Glycine max plants were created as either simple or complex plant structure treatments by growing one or two plants in one pot. Four S. litura 4th instar larvae were each transferred onto four different branches in one or one of the two plants in a pot; then a single stinkbug of either the 3rd, 5th instar nymph, male or female adult was released on the main stem at the base of the plant. The stinkbug on a plant was continuously observed for its foraging and attacking behaviors. The probability of predators' choosing a branch with a prey larva was not affected by plant structure and stinkbug stages, suggesting that the stinkbug may choose a plant branch at random to search for caterpillars feeding on leaves. The latent periods to the first predation were fitted to estimate the instant probability of predation (predation risk), which showed a significant effect of plant structure or stinkbug life stages on the predation risk. The predation risk decreased 2.4 times on the plants with complex structure compared to that on the simple plants; it increased 1.7 times for the 3rd or 5th instar nymphs as opposed to female adults and was similar between the 3rd and 5th instar nymphs and between male and female adults. The analysis of temporal characteristics of searching and predation behaviors showed that:searching time was prolonged 1.5 times on complex plants compared to simple plants, and increased 1.3 times in the 3rd instar over the 5th instar nymphs; resting time was 1.3, 1.8, and 1.6 times longer for female adults than those for male adults, the 3rd, and the 5th instar nymphs, respectively, and it was 1.7 and 1.3 times longer for male adults than those for the 3rd and 5th instar nymphs, respectively; prey-subduing time was 2.2, 2.1 and 1.7 times longer for the 3rd instar nymphs than those for female, male adults, and the 5th instar nymphs, respectively, and it was 1.3 and 1.2 times longer for the 5th instar nymphs than those for female and male adults, respectively. The results from this study suggest that structurally complex plants can decrease predation risk to S. litura 4th instar larvae by A. chinensis, which imposes a lower risk at adulthood than at nymphal stages; complex plants may reduce searching efficiency of A. chinensis. |
| |
| Keywords: | predator-prey interactions plant architecture predation risk prey searching predatory true bugs |
|
| 点击此处可从《中国生物防治学报》浏览原始摘要信息 |
| 点击此处可从《中国生物防治学报》下载免费的PDF全文 |
|
