| 亚热带3种森林类型的群落特征与物种多样性的耦合关系 |
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| 引用本文： | 高伟,黄石德,林建丽,黄茂根,吴兴盛,黄修麟,黄雍容.亚热带3种森林类型的群落特征与物种多样性的耦合关系[J].热带作物学报,2021,42(6):1756-1763. |
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| 作者姓名： | 高伟 黄石德 林建丽 黄茂根 吴兴盛 黄修麟 黄雍容 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 菏泽学院城市建设学院,山东菏泽 2740152. 福建省林业科学研究院,福建福州 3500123. 福建武夷山国家级森林生态定位站,福建武夷山 3543004. 福建省林业调查规划院,福建福州 3500035. 福建省罗卜岩自然保护区,福建三明 365504 |
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| 基金项目： | 福建省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项(2019R1009-6);福建省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项(2018R1011-7);福建省三明市林业科研项目(明林计财[2017]49号) |
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| 摘 要： | 准确把握森林群落特征与其物种多样性的耦合关系是林分管理的基础。选择亚热带3种地带性森林类型,分别为季风常绿阔叶林（米槠林）、天然针叶林（马尾松林）和落叶-常绿阔叶混交林（闽桦-闽楠林）,调查了乔木层、灌木层、草本层和藤本植物群落特征（高度、胸径、冠幅、盖度等）并计算了不同层次物种多样性,旨在探讨森林群落特征与物种多样性的耦合关系。结果表明：（1）闽桦-闽楠林胸径显著大于马尾松林,而马尾松林和米槠林、闽桦-闽楠林和米槠林之间胸径无显著差异（P>0.05）,此外,3种林分乔木层树高和枝下高均无显著差异（P>0.05）,马尾松林和闽桦-闽楠林的灌木株高、地径和草本多度、盖度显著高于米槠林,草本层多度和盖度为马尾松林>闽桦-闽楠林>米槠林（P<0.05）。（2）3种森林类型的物种多样性基本都呈灌木层>乔木层>藤本层>草本层的趋势,群落的物种多样性取决于乔灌层多样性。（3）典范对应分析表明,3种林分群落特征与其物种多样性存在相互影响的关系。其中米槠林胸径、草本高度和盖度对乔灌层物种多样性具有明显的促进作用,马尾松林的灌木冠幅对草本物种多样性和均匀度有显著影响,是影响群落物种多样性的主导因子。闽桦-闽楠林灌木冠幅和地径,树高和枝下高对灌草层丰富度的提高具有促进作用,通过提高枝下高和灌木高度生长,降低草本盖度、灌木冠幅和大小,可增加群落物种多样性。研究结果对于科学评价森林空间结构,制定合理经营措施实现物种多样性保育和森林科学经营等方面具有指导意义。
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| 关 键 词： | 亚热带 群落结构 物种多样性 耦合关系 典范对应分析 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-05-06 |
Coupling Relationships Between Community Characteristics and Species Diversity of Three Forest Types in Subtropical China |
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| GAO Wei,HUANG Shide,LIN Jianli,HUANG Maogen,WU Xingsheng,HUANG Xiulin,HUANG Yongrong.Coupling Relationships Between Community Characteristics and Species Diversity of Three Forest Types in Subtropical China[J].Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops,2021,42(6):1756-1763. |
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| Authors: | GAO Wei HUANG Shide LIN Jianli HUANG Maogen WU Xingsheng HUANG Xiulin HUANG Yongrong |
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| Institution: | 1. College of Urban Construction, Heze University, Heze, Shandong, 274015, China2. Fujian Academy of Forestry, Fuzhou, Fujian 350012, China3. Fujian Wuyishan Forest Ecosystem National Positioning Observation and Research Station, Wuyishan, Fujian 354300, China4. Forest Inventory and Planning Institute of Fujian Province, Fuzhou, Fujian 350003, China5. Luoboyan Nature Reserve, Sanming, Fujian 365504, China |
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| Abstract: | It is the basis of forest management to accurately grasp the coupling relationships between forest community characteristics and species diversity. Three types of zonal vegetation in subtropical China were selected, which were monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest (Castanopsis carlesii forest), natural coniferous forest (Pinus massoniana forest) and mixed deciduous-evergreen broad-leaved mixed forest (Betula fujianensis and Phoebe bournei mixed forest). The characteristics of tree layer, shrub layer, herb layer and liana (tree height, diameter at breast height, DBH), crown width, coverage, etc.) were investigated and the species diversity at different layers was calculated in order to explore the coupling relationship between forest community characteristics and species diversity. DBH of B. fujianensis and P. bournei mixed forest was significantly larger than that of P. massoniana forest, and there was no significant difference in DBH between P. massoniana forest and C. carlesii forest as well as B. fujianensis and P. bournei mixed forest and Castanopsis carlesiiforest, in addition, no significant difference was found in tree height and clear bole height among the three forest types (P > 0.05). The shrub height, ground diameter, herb abundance and coverage in P. massoniana forest and B. fujianensis and P. bournei mixed forest were significantly higher than that ofC. carlesii forest, and the abundance and coverage of herb layer ranged as P. massoniana forest > B. fujianensis and P. bournei mixed forest > C. carlesii forest (P < 0.05). The species diversity of the three forest types showed shrub layer > tree layer > Liana layer > herbaceous layer, and the species diversity of the community depended on the diversity of tree and shrub layer. The canonical correspondence analysis showed that the community characteristics of the three forest types were related to their species diversity. Briefly, DBH, herbage height and coverage of C. carlesii forest had obvious promoting effect on the species diversity of tree and shrub layer. The shrub canopy of P. massonianaforest had significant influence on the diversity and evenness of herbaceous species, which was the leading factor affecting the community diversity. The crown and diameter of shrub, tree height and clear bole height in B. fujianensis and P. bournei mixed forest could promote the richness in shrub and herb layer. The species diversity of community could be increased by increasing the growth of clear bole height and height of shrub and reducing the coverage of herb and crown of shrub. The results are of great significance to the scientific evaluation of forest spatial structure, the establishment of reasonable management measures to achieve species diversity conservation and forest scientific management. |
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| Keywords: | subtropical China community structure species diversity coupling relationship canonical correspondence analysis |
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