| 基于蒸散演变驱动的宁夏绿洲平原生态系统耗水变化 |
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| 引用本文： | 吴宏玥,杜灵通,乔成龙,钟艳霞,潘海珠,张祎,施光耀,易志远.基于蒸散演变驱动的宁夏绿洲平原生态系统耗水变化[J].水土保持学报,2023,37(3):172-180,189. |
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| 作者姓名： | 吴宏玥 杜灵通 乔成龙 钟艳霞 潘海珠 张祎 施光耀 易志远 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 宁夏大学西北土地退化与生态恢复省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地, 银川 750021;2. 宁夏大学西北退化生态系统恢复与重建教育部重点实验室, 银川 750021;3. 宁夏大学生态环境学院, 银川 750021 |
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| 基金项目： | 宁夏重点研发计划项目(2021BEG02010,2022BEG02051);宁夏生态状况遥感监测与评价项目(NXCZ20220203);宁夏优秀人才支持计划项目(RQ0012);中央引导地方科技发展专项(202008) |
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| 摘 要： | 为揭示宁夏绿洲平原蒸散水文过程演变引起的区域耗水变化规律，在谷歌地球引擎平台下，利用2001—2020年的MOD16A2蒸散数据，基于Sen趋势度、重新标度极差分析、多元回归残差分析等时空分析手段，对宁夏绿洲平原蒸散时空演变特征开展研究，并分析其驱动因素。结果表明：(1)2001—2020年间，宁夏绿洲平原的年平均蒸散量为355.37 mm,且呈6.75 mm/a的增加趋势(p<0.01),其中，耕地的年蒸散为443.50～605.47 mm,明显高于区域平均蒸散；同时，多年平均蒸散远高于同期降水量，故维持绿洲生态系统平衡需要大量引黄灌溉水源。(2)宁夏绿洲平原蒸散在空间上有一定的异质性，并与地表覆盖类型差异有关，表现出耕地区高、草地和城市建成区低的规律。(3)宁夏绿洲平原有77.60%的区域其蒸散呈显著增加，但2020年后将有93.90%的区域蒸散变化趋势将发生逆转。(4)人类活动强烈地驱动宁夏绿洲平原蒸散的增强，其中，人类活动协同气候变化共同正向驱动的区域占53.96%。(5)蒸散的逐渐增强，导致宁夏绿洲平原流域内的水分亏缺显著，即供给生态系统光合生产以及回补土壤储水在减少。...
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| 关 键 词： | 蒸散 绿洲平原 人类活动 水资源消耗 谷歌地球引擎 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022/10/21 0:00:00 |
Water Consumption of Ecosystem Driven by Evapotranspiration Evolution in Ningxia Oasis Plain |
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| WU Hongyue,DU Lingtong,QIAO Chenglong,ZHONG Yanxi,PAN Haizhu,ZHANG Yi,SHI Guangyao,YI Zhiyuan.Water Consumption of Ecosystem Driven by Evapotranspiration Evolution in Ningxia Oasis Plain[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2023,37(3):172-180,189. |
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| Authors: | WU Hongyue DU Lingtong QIAO Chenglong ZHONG Yanxi PAN Haizhu ZHANG Yi SHI Guangyao YI Zhiyuan |
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| Institution: | 1. Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration in Northwest China, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021;2. Key Laboratory for Restoration and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Northwest China of Ministry of Education, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021;3. School of Ecology and Environment, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021 |
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| Abstract: | To reveal the change of regional water consumption caused by the hydrological process evolution of evapotranspiration in the Ningxia oasis plain, this study investigated the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of evapotranspiration in the Ningxia oasis plain and analyzed its driving factors under the platform of Google Earth Engine using MOD16A2 evapotranspiration data from 2001 to 2020. The Sen trend, rescaled range analysis, and multiple regression residual analysis were used as the main methods in the study. The results showed that: (1) The annual average evapotranspiration of overall pixels over the oasis of Ningxia plain was 355.37 mm from 2001 to 2020 and showed a significant increasing trend of 6.75 mm/a (p<0.01). The annual evapotranspiration of cultivated land was 443.50~605.47 mm, which is obviously higher than the regional average evapotranspiration. The annual average evapotranspiration over the oasis of Ningxia plain was much higher than its precipitation in the same period. Therefore, a large amount of irrigation water was needed to maintain the water balance of the oasis ecosystem in Ningxia plain. (2) There was a spatial heterogeneity of evapotranspiration in the oasis of Ningxia plain, which is induced by the differences in land cover types, showing that the cultivated area is higher in evapotranspiration, while the grassland and urban built-up area are lower in evapotranspiration. (3) 77.60% of the areas showed a significant increase in evapotranspiration in the oasis of Ningxia plain. But 93.90% of the areas will had a reverse trend of evapotranspiration after 2020 when compared with the present trend. (4) Human activities strongly drove the increase of evapotranspiration over the oasis of Ningxia plain, and 53.96% of the areas were positively driven by both human activities and climate change. (5) With the gradual increase of evapotranspiration, the water budget in the oasis of Ningxia plain was significantly reduced, which induced the decreasing water supply for photosynthetic production, and soil water remediation in the ecosystem is decreasing. Based on the above results, it can be concluded that human reclamation activities in recent years in the oasis of Ningxia plain have significantly increased the water consumption of the ecosystem, which brought pressure on the regional water balance. In the future, the agricultural reclamation in the oasis of Ningxia plain should be controlled at a reasonable range and the agricultural structure adjustment should be strengthened to mitigate the water resource shortage. |
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| Keywords: | evapotranspiration oasis plain human activities water consumption google earth engine |
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