| 森林影响降水水质研究概述 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘逸菲,鲁绍伟,赵娜,徐晓天,李少宁.森林影响降水水质研究概述[J].世界林业研究,2021,34(5):14-19. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘逸菲 鲁绍伟 赵娜 徐晓天 李少宁 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.沈阳农业大学林学院，沈阳 110866 |
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| 基金项目： | 北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设资助项目“北京山地4种林分水质效应研究”（KJCX20210409）；北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设资助项目“北京主要林木树种种质创新与生态功能提升”（KJCX20200207）；北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设资助项目“北京市部分园林绿化树种耗水特征研究”（KJCX20190403）；国家自然科学基金“北京山区典型植被幼苗非结构性碳水化合物存储机制研究”（31800363）；北京市自然科学基金“模拟干旱与氮添加对河北坝上退化草地恢复的影响与机理研究”（5202028） |
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| 摘 要： | 水质型缺水是当今社会面临的重大难题，充分利用森林对水质的净化调节作用是解决该难题的有效方法之一。文中在归纳国内外森林水质研究历程的基础上，将森林影响水质整个过程划分为大气降水输入，森林林冠层、枯落物层和土壤层再分配，以及溪流输出3个部分，概述这3个部分降水中的不同阴阳化学离子的变化规律及响应机制，分析不同空间层次（林冠层、枯落物层和土壤层）对水质的影响因素和理化过程；探讨了存在的问题并提出未来研究重点:细化研究枯落物层和土壤层与降水发生相互作用的内在机理，重视森林影响溪水和周边流域水质的作用机制，丰富研究树种，并将野外试验与室内控制试验相结合，提高实验结果的准确性，同时在时间和空间尺度上进行长期和系统观测，定量评价森林净化水质的能力，从而了解森林净化水源的作用机制，为我国解决水质型缺水问题和相关研究提供参考。
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| 关 键 词： | 森林水文 森林生态系统 降水水质 阴阳化学离子 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-01-22 |
Research Progress in Forests' Influence on Precipitation Water Quality |
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| Institution: | 1.College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China2.Beijing Yanshan Forest Ecosystem Positioning Observation and Research Station, Beijing 100093, China3.Beijing Academy of Forestry and Pomology Sciences, Beijing 100093, China |
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| Abstract: | The water shortage caused by poor water quality is a major problem facing today's society. Using forests to purify and regulate water quality is one of the effective ways to solve this problem. On the basis of summarizing the research history of forest water quality at home and abroad, the paper divides the whole process of forests’ influencing water quality into three parts, i.e., atmospheric precipitation input, water redistribution through canopy layer, litter layer and soil layer, and stream output, elaborates the changing laws and response mechanisms of different cations and cations in the three parts, and analyzes the influence factors and physical and chemical processes of different spatial layers (canopy layer, litter layer and soil layer) on water quality. The existing problems are discussed and the future research topics proposed. It is proposed that the internal mechanism of the interaction among litter layer, soil layer and precipitation should be studied in detail, more attention should be paid to the working mechanism of forests’ influencing the water quality of streams and their surrounding basins, the targeted tree species should be added, and field experiments should be combined with indoor control experiments to improve the accuracy of experimental results. What’s more, it is imperative to carry out long-term and systematic observations on time and space scales to quantitatively evaluate the ability of forests to purify water quality, so as to understand the mechanism of the water purification by forest and thus provide references to solve water-quality-caused water shortage problems and related research in China. |
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